Basic program structure

#include libraries

GLOBAL VARIABLES

functions

void main ()
{
statements
}

• Start by including any libraries (such as <stdio.h> or <math.h> or <string.h>) you will be using.
  Libraries contain C code that has already been written for you. By including a library, you can use a function defined by that library. For example, 'printf' is a function that is included in the 'stdio.h' library. You can use printf becuase you include that library. K & R has descriptions of libraries and their functions at the end.
  
• Global variables are those that are declared outside of all the functions and available within all the functions which follow the declarations of the variables. (More on global variables in the discussion of variable scope.)
  
• functions - see functions
  
• main() is just a special kind of function. When you are tracing through the execution of a program, this is where you start. This is where your programs will start.

  ---

An important part of learning how to program is learning how to read code. You need to be able to 'think' like a computer so that you can simulate its actions.

You can think of the 'main' function as the starting point. As you read the code line by line, you will need to keep track of all of the variables in the program.

Whenever you encounter a function, you 'jump' to that function and continue reading there. When you come to the end of the function, you go back to where you left off when you encountered the function. This is very important to understand, so I'll keep repeating it througout my notes!