Brain - Tissue Tables

SpeciesSpecies DetailCellsEnzyme(s)Medium Reference
Bovine Bovine Microvascular endothelial Dispase: 0.005%
 Medium 199 Kanda, T., Yoshino, H., Ariga, T., Yamawaki, M., and Yu, R.: Glycosphingolipid Antigens in Cultured Microvasular Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells: Sulfoglucuronosyl Paragloboside as a Target of Monoclonal IgM in Demyelinative Neuropathy, J Cell Biol 126 (1), 235, 1994
Bovine Bovine Brain endothelial cells Collagenase Type 2: 0.35%
 DMEM Wolburg H, Neuhaus J, Kniesel U, Krauss B, Schmid EM, Ocalan M, Farrell C, Risau W: Modulation of tight junction structure in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Effects of tissue culture, second messengers and cocultured astrocytes, J Cell Sci 107, 1347, 1994
Bovine Bovine Endothelial Dispase: 0.125%
 MEM Miller, D., Audus, K., and Borchardt, R.: Application of Cultured Endothelial Cells of the Brain Microvasculature in the Study of the Blood-Brain Barrier, J Tiss Cul Meth 14, 217, 1992
Bovine Bovine, adult Cerebral artery Endothelial Collagenase: 0.2%
 HBSS Machi, T., Kassell, N.F., and Scheld, W.M.: Isolation and Characterization of Endothelial Cells From Bovine Cerebral Arteries, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 26, 291, 1990
Bovine Bovine Capillary endothelial Collagenase: 0.1%
 DMEM Estrada, C., Bready, J., Berliner, J., and Cancilla, P.: Choline Uptake by Cerebral Capillary Endothelial Cells in Culture, J Neurochem 54, 1467, 1990
Bovine Bovine Endothelial Dispase: 0.5%
 MEM Audus, K., and Borchardt, R.: Characterization of an In Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Model System for Studying Drug Transport and Metabolism, Pharm Res 3 (2), 81, 1986
Bovine Calf
(also lamb)		 Oligodendroglia Neural Trypsin: 0.1%
 (see reference) Poduslo, S., Miller, K., and McKhann, G.: Metabolic Properties of Maintained Oligodendroglia Purified from Brain, J Biol Chem 253, 1592, 1978
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, 200-400 g Neurons Trypsin: 0.06-0.08%
 PIPES saline Kay, A.R., and Wong, R.K.S.: Isolation of Neurons Suitable for Patch-Clamping from Adult Mammalian Central Nervous Systems, J Neurosci Methods 16, 227, 1986
Human Human Microglia Trypsin: 0.25%
Deoxyribonuclease I: .005%
 DMEM/F12 Klegeris Andis, McGeer PatrickL: Chymotrypsin-like proteases contribute to human monocytic THP-1 cell as well as human microglial neurotoxicity, Glia 51, 56-64, 2005
Human Human Microvessels Collagenase Type 4: 0.1%
 DMEM Gerhart, D. Z., Broderius, M. A., and Drewes, L. R.: Cutlured Human and Canine Endothelial Cells from Brain Microvessels, Brain Res Bull 21, 785, 1988
Human Human Neuronal Deoxyribonuclease I: 10 µg/ml
 Tris-HCl, 50 mM, CaCl2, 2 mM Roher, A.E., Palmer, K.C., Chau, V., and Ball, M.J.: Isolation and Chemical Characterization of Alzheimer's Disease Paired Helical Filament Cytoskeletons:Differentiation from Amyloid Plaque Core Protein, J Cell Biol 107, 2703, 1988
Human Human, 15-54 years Microvessels Collagenase: 0.1%
 Serum-free modified Lewis medium Vinters, H.V., Reave, S., Costello, P., Girvin, J.P., and Moore, S.A.: Isolation and Culture of Cells Derived From Human Cerebral Microvessels, Cell Tissue Res 249, 657, 1987
Monkey Monkey, rhesus Brain cells Collagenase Type 2: 500 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 28 u/ml
 HBSS Marcondes MC, Burudi EM, Huitron-Resendiz S, Sanchez-Alavez M, Watry D, Zandonatti M, Henriksen SJ, Fox HS: Highly activated CD8(+) T cells in the brain correlate with early central nervous system dysfunction in simian immunodeficiency virus infection, J Immunol 167, 5429-38, 2001
Mouse Mouse Neurosperes PDS kit:
DMEM/F12 Klein C, Butt SJ, Machold RP, Johnson JE, and Fishell G.: Cerebellum- and forebrain-derived stem cells possess intrinsic regional character, Development 132, 4497, 2005
Mouse Mouse, 3 day Microglia Papain: 90 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 2000 u/ml
 Eagle's MEM Nishioku T, Hashimoto K, Yamashita K, Liou SY, Kagamiishi Y, Maegawa H, Katsube N, Peters C, von Figura K, Saftig P, Katunuma N, Yamamoto K, Nakanishi H: Involvement of cathepsin E in exogenous antigen processing in primary cultured murine microglia, J Biol Chem 277, 4816, 2002
Mouse Mouse, SD, 8-12 week Microglia Trypsin: 0.125%
Collagenase Type 2: 0.01%
Deoxyribonuclease I: .005%
 RPMI-1640 O'Donnell SL, Frederick TJ, Krady JK, Vannucci SJ, Wood TL: IGF-I and microglia/macrophage proliferation in the ischemic mouse brain, Glia 39, 85, 2002
Mouse Mouse, 2-5 day Postnal substantia nigra PDS kit: per instructions
 see reference Smeyne Michelle, Smeyne RichardJ: Method for culturing postnatal substantia nigra as an in vitro model of experimental Parkinson's disease, Brain Res Brain Res Protoc 9, 105-11, 2002
Mouse Mouse Cerebellar granule cell precursors Papain: 0.435%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.05%
 EBSS Miyazawa K, Himi T, Garcia V, Yamagishi H, Sato S, and Ishizaki Y.: A role for p27/Kip1 in the control of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation, J Neurosci 20, 5756, 2000
Mouse Mouse Astrocytes Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM Lim, D, and Alvarez-Buylla, A.: Interaction Between Astrocytes and Adult Subventricular Zone Precursors Stimulates Neurogenesis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96, 7526, 1999
Mouse Mouse, newborn Hippocampal cells Papain: 10 u/ml
 DMKM Jun K, Choi G, Yang SG, Choi KY, Kim H, Chan GC, Storm DR, Albert C, Mayr GW, Lee CJ, Shin HS: Enhanced hippocampal CA1 LTP but normal spatial learning in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase(A)-deficient mice,Learn Mem Vol. 5,, , 317-30, 1998
Mouse Mouse, SWR or CF1, 1-3 months Papillae, taste receptor Pronase E: 0.15%
 Carbonate-Phosphate buffer
(see reference)		 Spielman, A., Mody, I., Brand, J., Whitney, G., MacDonald, J., and Salter, M.: A Method for Isolating and Patch-Clamping Single Mammalian Taste Receptor Cells, Brain Res 503, 326, 1989
Mouse Mouse, 0-30 day Neural Trypsin NF 1:250: 50 0.25%
 BSS Shrier, B., Wilson, S., and Nirenberg, M.: Cultured Cell Systems and Methods for Neurobiology, Methods Enzymol 32, 765, 1974
Porcine Mini pigs, Yucatan (Susscrofa Yucatan), 4-6 months Microvascular Collagenase: 0.1%
 HBSS Robinson, D.H., Kang,Y., Deschner, S.H., and Nielsen, T.B.: Morphologic Plasticity and Periodicity : Porcine Cerebral Microvascular Cells in Culture, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 26, 169, 1990
Rat Rat, neonatal Hippocampal neurons Papain: 10 u/ml
 EBSS Richler Esther, Chaumont Severine, Shigetomi Eiji, Sagasti Alvaro, Khakh Baljit S: Tracking transmitter-gated P2X cation channel activation in vitro and in vivo,Nat Methods Vol. 5,, , 87-93, 2008
Rat Rat, E18 Hippocampal neurons Papain: 0.2%
 Hibernate Jekabsons MB, Nicholls DG: Bioenergetic analysis of cerebellar granule neurons undergoing apoptosis by potassium/serum deprivation,Cell Death Differ Vol. 13,, , 1595-610, 2006
Rat Rat, Wistar, 1-3 day Hippocampal neurons Trypsin: 0.05%
 DMEM Velasco Myrian, Garca­a Esperanza, Onetti Carlos G: Glucose deprivation activates diversity of potassium channels in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, Cell Mol Neurobiol 26, 307-19, 2006
Rat Rat, E19 Hippocampal neuron Papain: 10 u/ml
 MEM Khakh Baljit S, Fisher James A, Nashmi Raad, Bowser David N, Lester Henry A: An angstrom scale interaction between plasma membrane ATP-gated P2X2 and alpha4beta2 nicotinic channels measured with fluorescence resonance energy transfer and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, J Neurosci 25, 6911-20, 2005
Rat Rat, Wistar, 14 day Visual cortical PDS kit:
EBSS Mizoguchi Y, Kanematsu T, Hirata M, Nabekura J: A rapid increase in the total number of cell surface functional GABAA receptors induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat visual cortex, J Biol Chem 278, 44097, 2003
Rat Rat, Wistar, male Cerebral endothelial Collagenase Type 3: 0.2%
 MEM Floris S, Van den Born J, van der Pol SM, Dijkstra CD, De Vries HE: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans modulate monocyte migration across cerebral endothelium, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 62, 780, 2003
Rat Rat, SD, E18 Cortical cells Papain: 20 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: .005%
 EBSS Behar, T, Smith, S, Kennedy, R, Mckenzie, J, Maric, I and Barker, J: GABA(B) receptors mediate motility signals for migrating embryonic cortical cells,Cerebral Cortex Vol. 11,, , 744-53, 2001
Rat Rat, wistar, 250-300 g Cerebral artery smooth muscle cells Papain: 1.5 mg/ml
Collagenase Type 4: 1.5 mg/ml
 physiological salt solution Brzezinska AK, Gebremedhin D, Chilian WM, Kalyanaraman B, Elliott SJ.: Peroxynitrite reversibly inhibits Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in rat cerebral artery smooth muscle cells, Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 278, H1883, 2000
Rat Rat, SD, E16 Cortical neurons PDS kit: with modifications
 neurobasal medium Varney MA, Cosford ND, Jachec C, Rao SP, Sacaan A, Lin FF, Bleicher L, Santori EM, Flor PJ, Allgeier H, Gasparini F, Kuhn R, Hess SD, Velicelebi G, Johnson EC: SIB-1757 and SIB-1893: selective, noncompetitive antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5, J Pharmacol Exp Ther 290, 170, 1999
Rat Rat, wistar, neonatal Hippocampal cells Papain: 1 mg/ml
 DMEM Boehm S, Betz H: Somatostatin inhibits excitatory transmission at rat hippocampal synapses via presynaptic receptors, J Neurosci 17, 4066, 1997
Rat SD, Fisher Hippocampal neurons Papain: 0.2%
 HibernateA/B27 Brewer, G.J.: Isolation and culture of adult rat hippocampal neurons of any age, J Neurosci Methods 71, 143, 1997
Rat Rat, E18 Hippocampal and cortical neurons PDS kit:
Neurobasal media Naeve GS, Ramakrishnan M, Kramer R, Hevroni D, Citri Y, Theill LE: Neuritin: a gene induced by neural activity and neurotrophins that promotes neuritogenesis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, 2648-53, 1997
Rat Rat, SD, newborn Glial Trypsin: 0.0625%
 MEM, sterile Pixley, S.K.: The Olfactory Nerve Contains Two Populations of Glia, In Vitro 5, 269, 1992
Rat Rat, newborn Astrocytes Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM, HBSS Holzwarth, J., Glaum, S., and Miller, R.: Activation of Endothelin Receptors by Sarafotoxin Regulates Ca2+ Homeostasis in Cerebellar Astrocytes, Glia 5, 239, 1992
Rat Rat, 60-72 hours old Fibroblasts Trypsin: 0.2%
 HEPES buffered DMEM Acheson, A., Barker, P., Alderson, R., Miller, F., and Murphy, R.: Detection of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-like Activity in Fibroblasts and Schwann Cells: Inhibition by Antibodies to NGF, Neuron 7, 265, 1991
Rat Rat, SD, adult Endothelial Collagenase Type 2: 0.5%
 Medium 199 Doron, D., Jacobowitz, D., Heldman, E., Feurerstein, G., Pollard, H., and Hallenbeck, J.: Extracellular Matrix Permits the Expression of Von Willebrand's Factor, Uptake of Di-I-Acetylated Low Density Lipoprotein and Secretion of Prostacyclin in Cultures of Endothelial Cells from Rat Brain Microvessels, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 27A, 689, 1991
Rat Rat, SD, female Fetal rat brain Collagenase Type 4: 0.1%
 DMEM Matsuda, M.: Serum Proteins Enhance Aggregate Formation of Dissociated Fetal Rat Brain Cells in an Aggregating Culture, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 24 (10), 1031, 1988
Rat Rat, albino, adult and newborn Cerebral cortices Trypsin: 0.25%
 PBS Giulian, D. and Baker, T.J.: Characterization of Ameboid Microglia Isolated From Developing Mammalian Brain, J Neurosci 6, 2163, 1986
Rat Rat, Wistar, newborn Germinal matrix Trypsin: 0.25%
 HBSS Goldman, J.E., Geier, S.S., and Hirano, M.: Differentiation of Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes From Germinal Matrix Cells in Primary Culture, J Neurosci 6, 52, 1986
Rat Rat, fetus, 18-20 day Hippocampal neurons Trypsin: 0.25%
 HBSS, CMF Bartlett, W. and Banker, G.: An Electron Microscopic Study of the Development of Axons and Dendrites by Hippocampal Neurons in Culture. I. Cells Which Develop Without Intercellular Contacts, J Neurosci 4, 1944, 1984
Rat Rat, fetus, 18 day Hippocampi Trypsin: 0.1%
 HBSS Rothman, S.: Synaptic Release of Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Mediates Anoxic Neuronal Death, J Neurosci 4 (7), 1884, 1984
Rat Rat, SD, 19-20 days pregnant Neural Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM Ahmed, Z., Walker, P., and Fellows, R.: Properties of Neurons from Dissociated Fetal Rat Brain in Serum-Free Culture, J Neurosci 3 (12), 2448, 1983
Rat Rat, SD, fetal Cerebral cortex Hypothalmus Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.001%
 HEPES Peterfreund, R. and Vale, W.: High Molecular Weight Somatostatin Secretion by Cultured Rat Brain Cell, Brain Res 239, 463, 1982
Rat Rat, Wistar-Kyoto, male, 100 - 200 g Endothelial Cerebral Collagenase Type 2: 0.05%
 HBSS Diglio, C.A., Grammas, P., Filiberto Giacomelli, M.S., and Wiener, J.: Primary Culture of Rat Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells, Lab Invest 46, 554, 1982
Rat Rat, fetus Cortical Trypsin: 0.25%
 Puck's D1 (see reference) Swaiman, K., Neale, E., Fitzgerald, S., and Nelson, P.: A Method for Large-scale Production of Mouse Brain Cortical Cultures, Brain Res 255, 361, 1982
Rat Rat, Wistar, pregnant Glial Trypsin: 0.05%
 Eagle's MEM/DMEM Abney, E., Bartlett, P., and Raff, M.: Astrocytes, Ependymal Cells, and Oligodendrocytes Develop on Schedule in Dissociated Cell Cultures of Embryonic Rat Brain, Dev Biol 83, 301, 1981
Rat Rat, SD, one month old Capillary endothelium Pericytes Dispase: 0.1%
 Medium 199 Bowman, P., Betz, A., Ar, D., Wolinsky, J., Penney, J., Shivers, R., and Goldstein, G.: Primary Culture of Capillary Endothelium From Rat Brain, In Vitro 17 (4), 353, 1981
Rat Rat, Wistar, male, 300-500 g Microvessels Endothelial Collagenase Type 2: 0.75%
 Ringers-HEPES buffer Williams, S., Gillis, J., Matthews, M., Wagner, R., and Bitensky, M.: Isolation and Characterization of Brain Endothelial Cells: Morphology and Enzyme Activity, J Neurochem 35 (2), 374, 1980
Rat Rat, Wistar, adult, 170 g Endothelial Trypsin: 0.5%
 BSS Phillips, P., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., and Waghe, M.: Isolation And Characterization of Endothelial Cells From Rat And Cow Brain White Matter, J Anat 129, 261, 1979
Rat Rat, Holtzmann, 18 day Hippocampal neurons Trypsin: 0.1%
 HBSS Banker, G., and Cowan, M.: Rat Hippocampal Neurons in Dispersed Cell Culture, Brain Res 126, 397, 1977
Rat Rat, SD, 2 days Pineal Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM, MEM Rowe, V., Neale, E., Avins, L., Guroff, G., and Schrier, B.: Pineal gland cells in culture. Morphology, Biochemistry, Differentiation, and co-culture with sympathetic neurons, Exp Cell Res 104, 345, 1977
Sheep Lamb
(also calf)		 Oligodendroglia Neural Trypsin: 0.1%
 (see reference) Poduslo, S., Miller, K., and McKhann, G.: Metabolic Properties of Maintained Oligodendroglia Purified from Brain, J Biol Chem 253, 1592, 1978
Shellfish Helisoma trivolvis Neurons Buccal ganglia Trypsin: 0.2%
 Saline, sterile Hadley, R.D., Bodnar, D.A., and Kater, S.B.: Formation of Electrical Synapses Between Isolated, Cultured Helisoma Neurons Requires Mutual Neurite Elongation, J Neurosci 5, 3145, 1985