Enzyme Manual
The Worthington Enzyme Manual contains technical information on enzymes including molecular weight, composition, activators, specificity, inhibitors, stability, assay method, optimum pH, ionic effects, temperature effects, extinction coefficient, and isoelectric point, as well as applications and extensive references.
This respiratory or "anaerobic" nitrate reductase (NR) (Cytochrome) from E. coli catalyzes the following reaction:
It is a membrane-bound enzyme closely associated with formate dehydrogenase…
Micrococcal nuclease (MN) catalyzes cleavage of both DNA and RNA to yield 3'-nucleotides (Alexander et al. 1961).
MN is the extracellular nuclease of Staphylococcus aureus. Strains V8 and Foggi…
Nuclease S1, isolated from certain Neurospora and Aspergillus species, specifically hydrolyzes both terminal and internal phosphodiester bonds of single-stranded DNA and RNA. It is used to eliminate…
The histones are a group of water and dilute acid soluble basic proteins found associated with DNA in chromosomes. They are characterized by relatively high levels of lysine and arginine. Although…
Oxalate decarboxylase has been isolated from Aspergillus niger ( Emiliani and Bekes 1964) and Myrothecium verrucaria (Lillehoj and Smith 1965). That purified by Shimazono and Hayaishi (1957) from the…
Papain is a cysteine hydrolase that is stable and active under a wide range of conditions. It is very stable even at elevated temperatures (Cohen et al. 1986). The latex of Carica papaya is a rich…
Introduction Proteolytic enzymes are widely used in cell dissociation. With some tissues papain has proved less damaging and more effective than other proteases. Lam found that of the enzymes used…
Chymopapain is an extracellular cysteine proteinase secreted in the latex of the Carica papaya tree. Chymopapain was thought to exist as two forms, A and B (Maes et al. 1996); however, those…
Purified pectinase is a multi-component preparation highly effective in depolymerizing plant pectins with varying degrees of esterification. Important enzymatic activities include pectin lyase (EC 4.…
Pepsin is the principal proteolytic enzyme of vertebrate gastric juice. Its inactive precursor form, pepsinogen, is produced in stomach mucosa. The minor pepsins are designated “B”, “C”, and “D”,…
Peroxidase (HRP) is a hemoprotein catalyzing the oxidation by hydrogen peroxide of a number of substrates such as ascorbate, ferrocyanide, cytochrome C and the leuco form of many dyes.…
Orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum)
Acid phosphatase catalyzes the following reaction at an optimal pH below 7:
Acid phosphatase is ubiquitous in nature, perhaps one of…
Orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (alkaline optimum)
Alkaline phosphatase is a broad term associated with non-specific phosphomonesterases with activity optima at alkaline pH.
The…
Venom exonuclease (Phosphodiesterase I) successively hydrolyzes 5'-mononucleotides from 3'-hydroxy-terminated ribo- and deoxyribo-oligonucleotides. It has been reviewed by Laskowski, Sr. (1971).
The…
Spleen exonuclease (Phosphodiesterase II) hydrolyses 3'-phosphomononucleotides from oligonucleotides containing a 5'-hydroxyl terminus. See review by Bernardi and Bernardi (1971).
The enzyme's…
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide with phosphoenolpyruvate to produce oxaloacetate and inorganic phosphate.
PEPC is found in most plants and…
Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) will interconvert the 1- and 6-phosphate isomers of a-D-glucose. Although it is a reversible reaction, the formation of glucose-6-phosphate is markedly favored. PGM will not…
Phospholipase A2 represents a class of heat-stable, calcium-dependent enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of the 2-acyl bond of 3-n-phosphoglycerides. This enzyme is named Phospholipase A2 to denote…
Phospholipase C (originally called lecithinase and also referred to as α-toxin) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the linkage between glycerol and phosphate in lecithin and other phosphatides.…
