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Tissue References Search Tool

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Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, 5 day
Mattson, M. and Kater, S.
Development and Selective Neurodegeneration in Cell Cultures From Different Hippocampal Regions ,
Brain Res
 490 , 110 , 1989
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Deoxyribonuclease I : 10 ug/ml
Medium
HBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, female
Matsuda, M.
Serum Proteins Enhance Aggregate Formation of Dissociated Fetal Rat Brain Cells in an Aggregating Culture ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 24 (10) , 1031 , 1988
Cells
Fetal rat brain
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, albino, adult and newborn
Giulian, D. and Baker, T.J.
Characterization of Ameboid Microglia Isolated From Developing Mammalian Brain ,
J Neurosci
 6 , 2163 , 1986
Cells
Cerebral cortices
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
PBS
Brain
Rat
Rat, Wistar, newborn
Goldman, J.E. , Geier, S.S. and Hirano, M.
Differentiation of Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes From Germinal Matrix Cells in Primary Culture ,
J Neurosci
 6 , 52 , 1986
Cells
Germinal matrix
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
HBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, fetus, 18 day
Rothman, S.
Synaptic Release of Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Mediates Anoxic Neuronal Death ,
J Neurosci
 4 (7) , 1884 , 1984
Cells
Hippocampi
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
HBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, fetus, 18-20 day
Bartlett, W. and Banker, G.
An Electron Microscopic Study of the Development of Axons and Dendrites by Hippocampal Neurons in Culture. I. Cells Which Develop Without Intercellular Contacts ,
J Neurosci
 4 , 1944 , 1984
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
HBSS, CMF
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, 19-20 days pregnant
Ahmed, Z. , Walker, P. and Fellows, R.
Properties of Neurons from Dissociated Fetal Rat Brain in Serum-Free Culture ,
J Neurosci
 3 (12) , 2448 , 1983
Cells
Neural
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
DMEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, fetus
Swaiman, K. , Neale, E. , Fitzgerald, S. and Nelson, P.
A Method for Large-scale Production of Mouse Brain Cortical Cultures ,
Brain Res
 255 , 361 , 1982
Cells
Cortical
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
Puck's D1 (see reference)
Brain
Rat
Rat, Wistar-Kyoto, male, 100 - 200 g
Diglio, C.A. , Grammas, P. , Filiberto Giacomelli, M.S. and Wiener, J.
Primary Culture of Rat Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells ,
Lab Invest
 46 , 554 , 1982
Cells
Endothelial
Cerebral
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, Wistar, pregnant
Abney, E. , Bartlett, P. and Raff, M.
Astrocytes, Ependymal Cells, and Oligodendrocytes Develop on Schedule in Dissociated Cell Cultures of Embryonic Rat Brain ,
Dev Biol
 83 , 301 , 1981
Cells
Glial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
Eagle's MEM/DMEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, Wistar, male, 300-500 g
Williams, S. , Gillis, J. , Matthews, M. , Wagner, R. and Bitensky, M.
Isolation and Characterization of Brain Endothelial Cells: Morphology and Enzyme Activity ,
J Neurochem
 35 (2) , 374 , 1980
Cells
Microvessels
Endothelial
Enzymes
Medium
Ringers-HEPES buffer
Brain
Rat
Rat, Wistar, adult, 170 g
Phillips, P. , Kumar, P. , Kumar, S. and Waghe, M.
Isolation And Characterization of Endothelial Cells From Rat And Cow Brain White Matter ,
J Anat
 129 , 261 , 1979
Cells
Endothelial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.5%
Medium
BSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, Holtzmann, 18 day
Banker, G. and Cowan, M.
Rat Hippocampal Neurons in Dispersed Cell Culture ,
Brain Res
 126 , 397 , 1977
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
HBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, 2 days
Rowe, V. , Neale, E. , Avins, L. , Guroff, G. and Schrier, B.
Pineal gland cells in culture. Morphology, Biochemistry, Differentiation, and co-culture with sympathetic neurons ,
Exp Cell Res
 104 , 345 , 1977
Cells
Pineal
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
DMEM, MEM
Brain
Shellfish
Helisoma trivolvis
Hadley, R.D. , Bodnar, D.A. and Kater, S.B.
Formation of Electrical Synapses Between Isolated, Cultured Helisoma Neurons Requires Mutual Neurite Elongation ,
J Neurosci
 5 , 3145 , 1985
Cells
Neurons
Buccal ganglia
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Medium
Saline, Sterile
Cartilage
Bovine
Bovine, 18-36 month
White, R. and Gibson, J.
The Effect of Oxygen Tension on Calcium Homeostasis in Bovine Articular Chondrocytes. ,
J Orthop Surg Res
 5 , 27 , 2010
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Bovine
Bovine, 6-8 week
Hwang, Y. , Sangaj, N. and Varghese, S.
Interconnected Macroporous Poly(ethylene glycol) Cryogels as a Cell Scaffold for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. ,
Tissue Eng Part A
 16 , 3033-41 , 2010
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Bovine
Bovine, 1-3 month
Lima, E. , Tan, A. , Tai, T. , Marra, K. , DeFail, A. , Ateshian, G. and Hung, C.
Genipin Enhances the Mechanical Properties of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage and Protects Against Inflammatory Degradation When Used as a Medium Supplement. ,
J Biomed Mater Res
 91 , 692 , 2009
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 390 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Bovine
Steers, 1-2 years
Mackintosh, D. and Mason, R.
Pharmacological Actions of 17 Beta-oestradiol on Articular Cartilage Chondrocytes and Chondrosarcoma Chondrocytes in the Absence of Oestrogen Receptors ,
Biochim Biophys Acta
 964 , 295 , 1988
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.20%
Medium
HBSS
Cartilage
Bovine
Calf, 1-14 days
Klagsbrun, M.
Large Scale Preparation of Chondrocytes , Methods of Enzymology Vol. 58 , 560 , 1979
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
PBS
Cartilage
Canine
Canine
Lee, J. , Kim, H. , Kim, J. , Bae, S. , Joo, D. , Huh, K. , Fang, Y. , Jeong, J. , Kim, M. and Kim, Y.
Microencapsulation of Pancreatic Islets with Canine Ear Cartilage for Immunoisolation. ,
Transplant Proc
 44 , 1091-4 , 2012
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
Ham's F12
Cartilage
Chicken
Chick embryos, HH stage
Wong, M. and Tuan, R.
Nuserum, A Synthetic Serum Replacement, Supports Chondrogenesis of Embryonic Chick Limb Bud Mesenchymal Cells in Micromass Culture ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 29A , 917 , 1993
Cells
Mesenchymal
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
DMEM
(see reference)
Cartilage
Chicken
Chicken, broiler strain, 8-10 weeks
Genge, B. , Wu, L. and Wuthier, R.
Differential Fractionation of Matrix Vesicle Proteins: Further Characterization of the Acidic Phospholipid-dependent Ca2+-Binding Proteins ,
J Biol Chem
 265 , 4703 , 1990
Cells
Matrix vesicles
Epiphyseal growth plate
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Tris-buffered saline
Cartilage
Chicken
Chicken, broiler strain, 8-10 week
Genge, B.R. , Wu, L.N.Y. and Wuthier, R.E.
Identification of Phospholipid-dependent Calcium-binding Proteins as Constituents of Matrix Vesicles ,
J Biol Chem
 264 , 10917 , 1989
Cells
Matrix vesicles
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
(see reference)
Cartilage
Chicken
Chick embryos, White Leghorn, 19 day old
Gionti, E. , Capasso, O. and Cancedda, R.
The Culture of Chick Embryo Chondrocytes and the Control of Their Differentiated Functions in Vitro ,
J Biol Chem
 258 (11) , 7190 , 1983
Cells
Fibroblasts
Epithelial-like
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
E 199 medium
Cartilage
Chicken
Chick embryos, 19 day old
Capasso, O. , Gionti, E. , Pontarelli, G. , Ambesi-Impiobato, F. , Nitsch, L. , Tajana, G. and Cancedda, R.
The Culture of Chick Embryo Chondrocytes and the Control of Their Differentiated Functions In Vitro ,
Exp Cell Res
 142 , 197 , 1982
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.75%
Medium
Coon's modified F-12
Cartilage
Chicken
Chick embryos, White Leghorn
Ahrens, P. , Solursh, M. and Reiter, R.
Stage-Related Capacity for Limb Chondrogenesis in Cell Culture ,
Dev Biol
 60 , 69 , 1977
Cells
Wing buds
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Saline G
Cartilage
Equine
Equine
Visser, J. , Levett, P. , te Moller, N. , Besems, J. , Boere, K. , van Rijen, M. , de Grauw, J. , Dhert, W. , van Weeren, P. and Malda, J.
Crosslinkable Hydrogels Derived from Cartilage, Meniscus, and Tendon Tissue. ,
Tissue Eng Part A
 21 , 1195-206 , 2015
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Equine
Equine
Ley, C. , Svala, E. , Nilton, A. , Lindahl, A. , Eloranta, M. , Ekman, S. and Skioldebrand, E.
Effects of High Mobility Group Box Protein-1, Interleukin-1B, and Interleukin-6 on Cartilage Matrix Metabolism in Three-Dimensional Equine Chondrocyte Cultures. ,
Conn Tissue Res
 52 , 290-300 , 2011
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12
Cartilage
Goat

Goat

Burdis, R. , Chariyev-Prinz, F. , Browe, D. , Freeman, F. , Nulty, J. , McDonnell, E. , Eichholz, K. , Wang, B. , Brama, P. and Kelly, D.
Spatial Patterning of Phenotypically Distinct Microtissues to Engineer Osteochondral Grafts for Biological Joint Resurfacing. ,
Biomaterials
 289 , 121750 , 2022
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 350 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Goat
Goat
Bekkers,J, Creemers, L, Tsuchida, A, van Rijen, M, Custers, R, Dhert, W. and Saris, D.
One-Stage Focal Cartilage Defect Treatment with Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells and Chondrocytes Leads to Better Macroscopic Cartilage Regeneration Compared to Microfracture in Goats. ,
Osteoarthritis Cartilage
 21 , 950-6 , 2013
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Human
Human
Andrews, S. , Kunze, M. , Mulet-Sierra, A. , Williams, L. , Ansari, K. , Osswald, M. and Adesida, A.
Strategies to Mitigate Variability in Engineering Human Nasal Cartilage. ,
Sci Rep
 7 , 6490 , 2017
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Human
Human
Muraglia, A. , Nguyen, V. , Nardini, M. , Mogni, M. , Coviello, D. , Dozin, B. , Strada, P. , Baldelli, I. , Formica, M. , Cancedda, R. and Mastrogiacomo, M.
Culture Medium Supplements Derived from Human Platelet and Plasma: Cell Commitment and Proliferation Support. ,
Front Bioeng Biotechnol
 5 , 66 , 2017
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Hyaluronidase : 0.1%
Collagenase Type 2 : 1000 u/ml
Collagenase Type 1 : 400 u/ml
Medium
Ham's F12
Cartilage
Human
Human
Tamai, M. , Nagasao, T. , Yanaga, H. , Hamamoto, Y. , Kogure, T. and Tanaka, Y.
Correction of Secondary Deformity after Nuss Procedure for Pectus Excavatum by Means of Cultured autologous Cartilage Cell Injection. ,
Int J Surg Case Rep
 15 , 70-3 , 2015
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.3%
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Human
Human
Capsoni, F. , Ongari, A. , Lonati, C. , Accetta, R. , Gatti, S. and Catania, A.
Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating-Hormone (a-MSH) Modulates Human Chondrocyte Activation Induced by Proinflammatory Cytokines. ,
BMC Musculoskelet Disord
 16 , 154 , 2015
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Cartilage
Human
Human, 52-82 years
Pallu, S. , Francin, P. , Guillaume, C. , Gegout-Pottie, P. , Netter, P. , Mainard, D. , Terlain, B. and Presle, N.
Obesity Affects the Chondrocyte Responsiveness to Leptin in Patients with Osteoarthritis. ,
Arthritis Res Ther
 12 , R112 , 2010
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.15%
Medium
DMEM/F12

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.