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Eye Tissue Tables

Species Cells Enzyme(s) Medium Reference
Bovine
Bovine 		Microvascular endothelial MEM
Bowman, P. , Betz, A. and Goldstein, G.
Primary Culture of Microvascular Endothelial Cells From Bovine Retina ,
In Vitro
 18 (7) , 626 , 1982
Bovine
Bovine 		Pericyte DMEM
Bryan, B. and D'Amore, P.
Pericyte Isolation and USe is Endothelial/Pericyte Coculture Models ,
Meth Enzymol
 443 , 315 , 2008
Bovine
Bovine 		Retinal endothelial DMEM
Terlizzi, V. , Kolibabka, M. , Burgess, J. , Hammes, H. and Harmsen, M.
The Pericytic Phenotype of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Is Promoted by NOTCH2. ,
Stem Cells
 36 , 240-251 , 2018
Chicken
Chick embryo 		Corneal epithelia HBSS
Reenstra Wende R, Orlow Daniel L, Svoboda Kathy K H.
ECM-stimulated signaling and actin reorganization in embryonic corneal epithelia are Rho dependent ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 43 , 3181-9 , 2002
Chicken
Chick embryo
(also rat) 		Retinal DMEM
Seigel, G.
The Golden Age of Retinal Cell Culture ,
Mol Vis
 5 , 4 , 1999
Chicken
Chick, embryo, 10-14 day 		Flat, retina Tyrode's solution, CMF
Moyer, M. , Bullrich, F. and Sheffield, J.
Emergence of Flat Cells From Glia in Stationary Cultures of Embryonic Chick Neural Retina ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 26 , 1073 , 1990
Chicken
Chick, embryo, 6 day 		Retinal cells DMEM/F12
Jacob Vanessa, Rothermel Andrae, Wolf Peter, Layer Paul G.
Rhodopsin, violet and blue opsin expressions in the chick are highly dependent on tissue and serum conditions ,
Cell Death Differ
 180 , 159-68 , 2005
Fish
Fish, zebrafish 		Retinal L-15
Diekmann, H. , Kalbhen, P. and Fischer, D.
Characterization of Optic Nerve Regeneration using Transgenic Zebrafish. ,
Front Cell Neurosci
 9 , 118 , 2015
Fish
Goldfish 		Retinal Bipolar HEPES
Graffe, M. , Zenisek, D. and Taraska, J.
A Marginal Band of Microtubules Transports and Organizes Mitochondria in Retinal Bipolar Synaptic Terminals. ,
J Gen Physiol
 146 , 109-17 , 2015
Fish

Zebrafish, Danio rerio

 Retinal vascular PBS
Middel, C. , Dietrich, N. , Hammes, H. and Kroll, J.
Analysis of the Morphology of Retinal Vascular Cells in Zebrafish , Front Cell Dev Biol Vol. 11 , 1267232 , 2023
Human
Human, 5-65 years 		Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) HBSS
Von Recum, H. , Okano, T. , Kim, S. and Bernstein, P.
Maintenance of Retinoid Metabolism in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Culture ,
Exp Eye Res
 69 , 97 , 1999
Human
Human 		Corneal limbal epithelial sheet see reference
Espana EM, Romano AC, Kawakita T, Di Pascuale M, Smiddy R. and Tseng SC
Novel enzymatic isolation of an entire viable human limbal epithelial sheet ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 44(10) , 4275 , 2003
Human
Human, 18-68 yr 		Corneal endothelial DMEM/F12
Li Wei, Sabater Alfonso L, Chen Ying-Ting, Hayashida Yasutaka, Chen Szu-Yu, He Hua, Tseng Scheffer C G.
A novel method of isolation, preservation, and expansion of human corneal endothelial cells ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 48 , 614-20 , 2007
Human
Human 		Corneal stromal stem DMEM
Du, Y. , Roh, D. , Funderburgh, M. , Mann, M. , Marra, K. , Rubin, J. , Li, X. and Funderburgh, J.
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiate to Keratocytes In Vitro. ,
Mol Vis
 16 , 2680 , 2010
Human

Human

 Retinal EBSS
Menon, M. , Mohammadi, S. , Davila-Velderrain, J. , Goods, B. , Cadwell, T. , Xing, Y. , Stemmer-Rachamimov, A. , Shalek, A. , Love, J. , Kellis, M. and Hafler, B.
Single-cell Transcriptomic Atlas of the Human Retina Identifies Cell Types Associated with Age-related Macular Degeneration. ,
Nat Commun
 10 , 4902 , 2019
Human
Human 		Corneal stroma stem DMEM
Sidney, L. , Branch, M. , Dua, H. and Hopkinson, A.
Effect of Culture Medium on Propagation and Phenotype of Corneal Stroma-Derived Stem Cells. ,
Cytotherapy
 17 , 1706-22 , 2015
Human
Human 		Muller glia DMEM
Xu, N. , Chen, Y. , Dean, K. , Lu, X. , Liu, X. , Wang, W. , Dean, D. , Kaplan, H. , Gao, L. , Dong, F. and Liu, Y.
Sphere-Induced Rejuvenation of Swine and Human Muller Glia Is Primarily Caused by Telomere Elongation. ,
Stem Cells
 35 , 1579-1591 , 2017
Human
Human 		Corneal stromal keratocytes DMEM/F-12
Yusoff,B, Riau, A. , Yam, G. , Halim, N. and Mehta, J.
Isolation and Propagation of Human Corneal Stromal Keratocytes for Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy. ,
Cells
 11 , 178 , 2022
Monkey
Monkey, cynomolgus, young adult 		Conjunctival lymphocytes RPMI 1640
Whittum-Hudson JA, Taylor HR.
Antichlamydial specificity of conjunctival lymphocytes during experimental ocular infection ,
Infect Immun
 57 , 2977 , 1989
Monkey
Macaques and baboon 		Retinal Ames' solution
Han ,Y. , Jacoby, R. and Wu, S.
Morphological and Electrophysiological Properties of Dissociated Primate Retinal Cells. ,
Brain Res
 875 , 175 , 2000
Mouse
Mouse 		Retinal ganglion Ames
Schmidt, T. and Kofuji, P.
An Isolated Retinal Preparation to Record Light Response from Genetically Labeled Retinal Ganglion Cells. ,
J Vis Exp
 47 , 2367 , 2011
Mouse
Mouse 		Retinal RPMI
Amadi-Obi, A. , Yu, C. , Liu, X. , Mahdi, R. , Clarke, G. , Nussenblatt, R, Gery, I. , Lee, Y. and Egwuagu, C.
TH17 Cells Contribute to Uveitis and Scleritis and are Expanded by IL-2 and Inhibited by IL-27/STAT1. ,
Nat Med
 13 , 711 , 2007
Mouse
Mouse, adult 		Cilary epithelial EBSS
Gualdoni, S. , Baron, M. , Lakowski, J. , Decembrini, S. , Pearson, R. , Ali, R. and Sowden, J.
Isolation and Culture of Adult Ciliary Epithelial Cells, Previously Identified as Retinal Stem Cells, and Retinal Progenitor Cells. ,
Curr Protoc Stem Cell Biol
 Chapter 1 , Unit 1H.4 , 2011
Mouse
Mouse, 6 week 		Retinal DMEM
Singh, M. , Issa, P, Butler, R. , Martin, C. , Lipinski, D. , Sekaran, S. , Barnard, A. and Maclaren, R.
Reversal of End-Stage Retinal Degeneration and Restoration of Visual Bunction by Photoreceptor Transplantation. ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 , 2013
Mouse
Mouse, adult 		Retinal photoreceptor EBSS
Feodorova, Y. , Koch, M. , Bultman, S. , Michalakis, S. and Solovei, I.
Quick and Reliable Method for Retina Dissociation and Separation of Rod Photoreceptor Perikarya from Adult Mice. ,
MethodsX
 2 , 39 , 2015
Mouse
Mouse, 4-8 day 		Photoreceptors Neurobasal
Balmer, J. , Zulliger, R. , Roberti, S. and Enzmann, V.
Retinal Cell Death Caused by Sodium Iodate Involves Multiple Caspase-Dependent and Caspase-Independent Cell-Death Pathways. ,
Int J Mol Sci
 16 , 15086-103 , 2015
Mouse
Mouse, embryonic and P0 		Retinal DPBS
Dvoriantchikova, G. , Perea-Martinez, I. , Pappas, S. , Barry, A. , Danek, D. , Dvoriantchikova, X. , Pelaez, D. and Ivanov, D.
Molecular Characterization of Notch1 Positive Progenitor Cells in the Developing Retina. ,
PLoS ONE
 10 , e0131054 , 2015
Mouse
Mouse 		Vitreous cells DMEM
Iqbal, N. , Xu, L. , Devitt, C. and Skapek, S.
Isolation and Characterization of Mammalian Cells Expressing the Arf Promoter During Eye Development. ,
Biotechniques
 56 , 239-49 , 2014
Mouse
Mouse, C57BL/6 		Retinal astrocytes HBSS
Blandford, S. and Baldridge, W.
The Effect of Glutamate Receptor Agonists on Mouse Retinal Astrocyte [Ca(2+)]i. ,
Biomed Res Int
 2016 , 8178162 , 2016
Mouse
Mouse, 4-5 week 		Lens Fiber PBS
Ebihara, L. , Tong, J. , Vertel, B. , White, T. and Chen, T.
Properties of Connexin 46 Hemichannels in Dissociated Lens Fiber Cells. ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 52 , 882-9 , 2011
Mouse

Mouse, 2 month

 EBSS
Murenu, E. , Pavlou, M. , Richter, L. , Rapti, K. , Just, S. and Cehajic-Kapetanovic, J.
A Universal Protocol for Isolating Retinal ON Bipolar Cells Across Species via Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting. , Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev Vol. 20 , 587-600 , 2021
Mouse
Mouse, 2-4 week 		Muller DMEM
Liu, X. , Tang, L. and Liu Y.
Mouse Muller Cell Isolation and Culture. ,
Bio-protocol
 7 , 2017
Mouse
Mouse, adult 		Stromal DMEM/F-12
Yoshida, S. , Shimmura, S. , Nagoshi, N. , Fukuda, K. , Matsuzaki, Y. , Okano, H. and Tsubota, K.
Isolation of Multipotent Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Cornea. ,
Stem Cells
 24 , 2714-22 , 2006
Mouse
Mouse, 2-5 month 		Mouse retinal and bipolar HBSS
Maxeiner Stephan, Dedek Karin, Janssen-Bienhold Ulrike, Ammermuller Josef, Brune Hendrik, Kirsch Taryn, Pieper Mario, Degen Joachim, Kruger Olaf, Willecke Klaus, Weiler Reto.
Deletion of connexin45 in mouse retinal neurons disrupts the rod/cone signaling pathway between AII amacrine and ON cone bipolar cells and leads to impaired visual transmission ,
J Neurosci
 25 , 566-76 , 2005
Mouse
Mouse, 4-8 week 		Corneal epithelial DMEM/F12
Kobayashi, T. , Yoshioka, R. , Shiraishi, A. and Ohashi, Y.
New Technique for Culturing Corneal Epithelial Cells of Normal Mice. ,
Mol Vis
 15 , 1589-93 , 2009
Mouse
mouse, adult 		Retinal DMEM/F-12
Jadhav AP, Cho SH. and Cepko CL
Notch activity permits retinal cells to progress through multiple progenitor states and acquire a stem cell property ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 103 , 18998 , 2006
Mouse
Mouse 		Retinal PBS
Ortin-Martinez, A. , Tsai, E. , Nickerson, P. , Bergeret, M. , Lu, Y. , Smiley, S. , Comanita, L. and Wallace, V.
A Reinterpretation of Cell Transplantation: GFP Transfer From Donor to Host Photoreceptors. ,
Stem Cells
 35 , 932-939 , 2017
Mouse
Mouse, 4 week 		Retinal endothelial cells DMEM
Su X, Sorenson CM. and Sheibani N.
Isolation and characterization of murine retinal endothelial cells ,
Mol Vis
 9 , 171 , 2003
Mouse
Mouse 		Retinal HBSS
Wohl, S. , Jorstad, N. , Levine, E. and Reh, T.
Muller Glial microRNAs are Required for the Maintenance of Glial Homeostasis and Retinal Architecture. ,
Nat Commun
 8 , 1603 , 2017
Mouse
Mouse, postnatal day 1 		Retinal progenitor HBSS
Jiang, C. Klassen, H. , Zhang, X. and Young, M.
Laser Injury Promotes Migration and Integration of Retinal Progenitor Cells into Host Retina. ,
Mol Vis
 16 , 983 , 2010
Porcine
Porcine, adult 		Muller glia DMEM
Xu, N. , Chen, Y. , Dean, K. , Lu, X. , Liu, X. , Wang, W. , Dean, D. , Kaplan, H. , Gao, L. , Dong, F. and Liu, Y.
Sphere-Induced Rejuvenation of Swine and Human Muller Glia Is Primarily Caused by Telomere Elongation. ,
Stem Cells
 35 , 1579-1591 , 2017
Porcine
Porcine, 5-60 kg 		Retinal pigment epithelial cells DMEM
Wiencke, A. , Kiilgaard, J. , Nicolini, J. , Bundgaard, M. , Ropke, C. and La Cour, M.
Growth of Cultured Porcine Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ,
Acta Opthalmol Scand
 81(2) , 170 , 2003
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, adult, male, albino,
2 kg 		Epithelial HBSS/DMEM
Johnson-Muller, B. and Gross, J.
Regulation of Corneal Collagenase Production: Epithelial-Stromal Cell Interactions ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 75 (9) , 4417 , 1978
Rabbit
Rabbit, adult 		Retinal neurons DMEM
Brockway LM, Zhou Z-H, Bubien JK, Jovov B, Benos DJ, Keyser KT.
Rabbit retinal neurons and glia express a variety of ENaC/DEG subunits ,
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
 283 , C126-34 , 2002
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand 		Corneal keratocytes PBS
Stramer Brian M, Kwok Michael G K, Farthing-Nayak Pamela J, Jung Jae-Chang, Fini M Elizabeth, Nayak Ramesh C.
Monoclonal antibody (3G5)-defined ganglioside: cell surface marker of corneal keratocytes ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 45 , 807-12 , 2004
Rabbit
Rabbit 		Corneal keratocytes DMEM
Hao, M. , Flynn, K. , Nien-Shy, C. , Jester, B. , Winkler, M. , Brown, D. , La Schiazza, O. , Bille, J. and Jester, J.
In Vivo Non Linear Optical (NLO) Imaging in Live Rabbit Eyes Using the Heidelbert Two-Photon Laser Opthalmoscope ,
Exp Eye Res
 91 , 308 , 2010
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, Adult 		Corneal endothelial HBSS
Lai, J. , Cheng, H. and Ma, D.
Investigation of Overrun-Processed Porous Hyaluronic Acid Carriers in Corneal Endothelial Tissue Engineering ,
PLoS ONE
 10 , 1371 , 2015
Rat
Rat, SD, 6-8 week 		Retinal EBSS
Vigneswara, V. , Esmaeili, M. , Deer, L. , Berry, M. , Logan, A. and Ahmed, Z.
Eye Drop Delivery of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor-34 Promotes Retinal Ganglion Cell Neuroprotection and Axon Regeneration. ,
Mol Cell Neurosci
 68 , 212-21 , 2015
Rat
Rat, Wister, 3-30 wk 		Retinal EBSS
Cameron, M. , Kekesi, O. , Morley, J. , Tapson, J. , Breen, P. , Van Schaik, A. and Buskila, Y.
Calcium Imaging of AM Dyes Following Prolonged Incubation in Acute Neuronal Tissue. ,
PLoS ONE
 11 , e0155468 , 2016
Rat
Adult, female, 170-200 g 		Retinal EBSS
Mead, B. and Tomarev, S.
Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Promote Survival of Retinal Ganglion Cells Through miRNA-Dependent Mechanisms. ,
Stem Cells Transl Med
 6 , 1273-1285 , 2017
Rat
Rat, SD 		Retina HBSS, PBS
Jing, S. , Wen, D. , Yu, Y. , Holst, P. , Luo, Y. , Fang, M. , Tamir, R. , Antonio, L. , Hu, Z. and et al.
GDNF-Induced Activation of the Ret Protein Tyrosine Kinase is Mediated by GDNFR-a, a Novel Receptor for GDNF ,
Cell
 85 , 1113 , 1996
Rat
Rat, embryonic 17 day 		Retinal DMEM
Seigel, G.
The Golden Age of Retinal Cell Culture ,
Mol Vis
 5 , 4 , 1999
Rat

Rat, SD, 1-2 day

 Retinal ganglion MEM
Lian, W. , Hu, X. , Zhang, J. , Wu, Y. , Zhao, N. , Ma, H. , He, H. and Lu, Q.
Fucoxanthin Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells and Promotes Parkin-mediated Mitophagy against Glutamate Excitotoxicity. ,
Neuroreport
 34 , 385-394 , 2023
Rat
Rat, SD, pups 		Retina Ham's F-12
Sarthy PV, Curtis BM. and Catterall WA.
Retrograde Labeling, Enrichment, and Characerization of Retinal Ganglion Cells from the Neonatal Rat ,
J Neurosci
 3 (12) , 2532 , 1983
Rat
Rat, Long Evans, 1-15 days 		Neurons, visual cortex BSS
(see reference)
Huettner, J. and Baughman, R.
Primary Culture of Identified Neurons From the Visual Cortex of Postnatal Rats ,
J Neurosci
 6 , 3044 , 1986
Rat
Rat, 4-14 week 		Retinal pigment epithelial cells CF Hanks with EDTA
Wang N, Koutz CA. and Anderson RE.
A method for the isolation of retinal pigment epithelial cells from adult rats ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 34(1) , 101 , 1993
Rat
Rat, 6-8 day 		Retinal pigment epithelial DMEM
Chang CW, Roque RS, Defoe DM. and Caldwell RB.
An improved method for isolation and culture of pigment epithelial cells from rat retina ,
Curr Eye Res
 10(11) , 1081 , 1991
Rat
Rat, Dark Agouti, 3-4 week 		Ciliary-derived eye DMEM/F12
Akagi T, Mandai M, Ooto S, Hirami Y, Osakada F, Kageyama R, Yoshimura N, Takahashi M.
Otx2 homeobox gene induces photoreceptor-specific phenotypes in cells derived from adult iris and ciliary tissue ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 45 , 4570 , 2004
Rat
Rat, Fisher, adult 		Retinal MEM
Suzuki, T. , Mandai, M. , Akimoto, M. , Yoshimura, N. and Takahashi, M.
The Simultaneous Treatment of MMP-2 Stimulants in Retinal Transplantation Enhances Grafted Cell Migration into the Host Retina. ,
Stem Cells
 24 , 2406 , 2006
Rat
Rat, SD, 180-220g 		Retinal ganglion Neurobasal
Ma, J. , Yu, W. , Wang, Y. , Cao, G. , Cai, S. , Chen, X. , Yan, N. , Yuan, Y. , Zeng, H. , Fleenor, D. , Liu, X. and Pang, I.
Neuroprotective Effects of C-type Natriuretic Peptide on Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells. ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 51 , 3544-53 , 2010
Rat
Rat, SD 		Retinal ganglion Neurobasal
Tan, C. , Andrews, M. , Kwok, J. , Heintz, T. , Gumy, L. , Fassler, R. and Fawcett, J.
Kindlin-1 Enhances Axon Growth on Inhibitory Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans and Promotes Sensory Axon Regeneration. ,
J Neurosci
 32 , 7325 , 2012
Salamander
Salamander, 18-25 cm 		Retina Saline
Townes-Anderson, E. , MacLeish, P. and Raviola, E.
Rod Cells Dissociated from Mature Salamander Retina: Ultrastruture and Uptake of Horseradish Peroxidase ,
J Cell Biol
 100 , 175 , 1985
Salamander
Salamander (A. tigrinum) 		Photoreceptors, retina (see reference)
Bader, C. , MacLeish, P. and Schwartz, E.
Responses to Light of Solitary Rod Photoreceptors Isolated From Tiger Salamander Retina ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 75 , 3507 , 1978
Salamander
Salamander 		Neurons Ringers
Clarke, R, Wang, J. and Townes-Anderson, E.
Using Laser Tweezers For Manipulating Isolated Neurons In Vitro. ,
J Vis Exp
 19 , 911 , 2008
Turtle
Turtle (Pseudemys scripta elegans) 		Retinal Kreb's Ringer
Lam, D.
Biosynthesis of Acetylcholine in Turtle Photoreceptors ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 69 , 1987 , 1972

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.