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Tissue References Search Tool

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Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, 1-2 day
Kurachi, M. , Mikuni, M. and Ishizaki, Y.
Extracellular Vesicles from Vascular Endothelial Cells Promote Survival, Proliferation and Motility of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells. ,
PLoS ONE
 11 , e0159158 , 2016
Cells
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells
Enzymes
Papain : 16.5 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, E18
Folts, C. , Scott-Hewitt, N. , Proschel, C. , Mayer-Proschel, M. and Noble, M.
Lysosomal Re-acidification Prevents Lysosphingolipid-Induced Lysosomal Impairment and Cellular Toxicity. ,
PLoS Biol
 14 , e1002583 , 2016
Cells
Neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, P0-P15
Foo, L.
Purification of Rat and Mouse Astrocytes by Immunopanning. ,
Cold Spring Harb. Protoc.
 2013 , 421-32 , 2013
Cells
Astrocytes
Enzymes
Papain : 5 u/ml
Medium
DPBS
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, neonatal
Kaiser, O. , Aliuos, P. , Wissel, K. , Lenarz, T. , Werner, D. , Reuter, G. , Kral, A. and Warnecke, A.
Dissociated Neurons and Glial Cells Derived from Rat Inferior Colliculi After Digestion with Papain. ,
PLoS ONE
 8 , e80490 , 2013
Cells
Neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
Neuro medium
Brain
Rat
Rat, Fisher, 7-21 month
Chen, N. , Newcomb, J. , Garbuzova-Davis, S. , Davis Sanberg, C. , Sanberg, P. and Willing, A.
Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cells Have Trophic Effects on Young and Aging Hippocampal Neurons in Vitro. ,
Aging Dis
 1 , 173 , 2010
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 0.2%
Medium
Hibernate A
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, 19-21 day
Cao, R. , Li, A. , Cho, H. , Lee, B. and Obrietan, K.
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Modulates Photic Entrainment of the Suprachiasmatic Circadian Clock. ,
J Neurosci
 30 , 6302 , 2010
Cells
Suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 100 u/ml
Medium
MEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, 7 day
Tanaka, S. , Shaikh, I. , Chiocca, E. and Saeki, Y.
The Gs-Linked Receptor GPR3 Inhibits the Proliferation of Cerebellar Granule Cells During Postnatal Development. ,
PLoS ONE
 4 , e5922 , 2009
Cells
Cerebellar granule neurons
Enzymes
PDS kit : per instructions
Medium
PBS
Brain
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Shigetomi, E. and Khakh, B.
Measuring Near Plasma Membrane and Global Intracellular Calcium Dynamics in Astrocytes. ,
J Vis Exp
 26 , 1142 , 2009
Cells
Astrocytes
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Richler Esther, Chaumont Severine, Shigetomi Eiji, Sagasti Alvaro, Khakh Baljit S.
Tracking transmitter-gated P2X cation channel activation in vitro and in vivo ,
Nat Methods
 5 , 87-93 , 2008
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 10 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, E18
Jekabsons MB, Nicholls DG.
Bioenergetic analysis of cerebellar granule neurons undergoing apoptosis by potassium/serum deprivation ,
Cell Death Differ
 13 , 1595-610 , 2006
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 0.2%
Medium
Hibernate
Brain
Rat
Rat, E19
Khakh Baljit S, Fisher James A, Nashmi Raad, Bowser David N, Lester Henry A.
An angstrom scale interaction between plasma membrane ATP-gated P2X2 and alpha4beta2 nicotinic channels measured with fluorescence resonance energy transfer and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy ,
J Neurosci
 25 , 6911-20 , 2005
Cells
Hippocampal neuron
Enzymes
Papain : 10 u/ml
Medium
MEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, Wistar, 14 day
Mizoguchi Y, Kanematsu T, Hirata M, Nabekura J.
A rapid increase in the total number of cell surface functional GABAA receptors induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat visual cortex ,
J Biol Chem
 278 , 44097 , 2003
Cells
Visual cortical
Enzymes
PDS kit : per instructions
Medium
EBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, E18
Behar, T, Smith, S, Kennedy, R, Mckenzie, J, Maric, I. and Barker, J
GABA(B) receptors mediate motility signals for migrating embryonic cortical cells ,
Cereb Cortex
 11 , 744-53 , 2001
Cells
Cortical cells
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, wistar, 250-300 g
Brzezinska AK, Gebremedhin D, Chilian WM, Kalyanaraman B, Elliott SJ.
Peroxynitrite reversibly inhibits Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in rat cerebral artery smooth muscle cells ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 278 , H1883 , 2000
Cells
Cerebral artery smooth muscle cells
Enzymes
Papain : 1.5 mg/ml
Collagenase Type 4 : 1.5 mg/ml
Medium
Physiological Salt Solution
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, E16
Varney MA, Cosford ND, Jachec C, Rao SP, Sacaan A, Lin FF, Bleicher L, Santori EM, Flor PJ, Allgeier H, Gasparini F, Kuhn R, Hess SD, Velicelebi G, Johnson EC.
SIB-1757 and SIB-1893: selective, noncompetitive antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 ,
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
 290 , 170 , 1999
Cells
Cortical neurons
Enzymes
PDS kit : with modifications
Medium
Neurobasal Medium
Brain
Rat
Rat, wistar, neonatal
Boehm S, Betz H.
Somatostatin inhibits excitatory transmission at rat hippocampal synapses via presynaptic receptors ,
J Neurosci
 17 , 4066 , 1997
Cells
Hippocampal cells
Enzymes
Papain : 1 mg/ml
Medium
DMEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, Fisher
Brewer, G.J.
Isolation and culture of adult rat hippocampal neurons of any age ,
J Neurosci Methods
 71 , 143 , 1997
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 0.2%
Medium
HibernateA/B27
Brain
Rat
Rat, E18
Naeve GS, Ramakrishnan M, Kramer R, Hevroni D, Citri Y, Theill LE.
Neuritin: a gene induced by neural activity and neurotrophins that promotes neuritogenesis ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 94 , 2648-53 , 1997
Cells
Hippocampal and cortical neurons
Enzymes
PDS kit : per instructions
Medium
Neurobasal media
Epithelial
Rat
Rat, adult
(also hamster)
Heimann, T. and Githens, S.
Rat Pancreatic Duct Epithelium Cultured on a Porous Support Coated with Extracellular Matrix ,
Pancreas
 6 (5) , 514 , 1991
Cells
Interlobular duct fragments
Medium
DMEM/Ham's F-12
Eye
Rat

Rat, SD, 1-2 day

Lian, W. , Hu, X. , Zhang, J. , Wu, Y. , Zhao, N. , Ma, H. , He, H. and Lu, Q.
Fucoxanthin Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells and Promotes Parkin-mediated Mitophagy against Glutamate Excitotoxicity. ,
Neuroreport
 34 , 385-394 , 2023
Cells
Retinal ganglion
Enzymes
Papain : 0.5%
Medium
MEM
Eye
Rat
Adult, female, 170-200 g
Mead, B. and Tomarev, S.
Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Promote Survival of Retinal Ganglion Cells Through miRNA-Dependent Mechanisms. ,
Stem Cells Transl Med
 6 , 1273-1285 , 2017
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
PDS kit : with modifications
Medium
EBSS
Eye
Rat
Rat, Wister, 3-30 wk
Cameron, M. , Kekesi, O. , Morley, J. , Tapson, J. , Breen, P. , Van Schaik, A. and Buskila, Y.
Calcium Imaging of AM Dyes Following Prolonged Incubation in Acute Neuronal Tissue. ,
PLoS ONE
 11 , e0155468 , 2016
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 30 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Eye
Rat
Rat, SD, 6-8 week
Vigneswara, V. , Esmaeili, M. , Deer, L. , Berry, M. , Logan, A. and Ahmed, Z.
Eye Drop Delivery of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor-34 Promotes Retinal Ganglion Cell Neuroprotection and Axon Regeneration. ,
Mol Cell Neurosci
 68 , 212-21 , 2015
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
PDS kit : per instructions
Medium
EBSS
Eye
Rat
Rat, SD
Tan, C. , Andrews, M. , Kwok, J. , Heintz, T. , Gumy, L. , Fassler, R. and Fawcett, J.
Kindlin-1 Enhances Axon Growth on Inhibitory Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans and Promotes Sensory Axon Regeneration. ,
J Neurosci
 32 , 7325 , 2012
Cells
Retinal ganglion
Enzymes
PDS kit : with modifications
Medium
Neurobasal
Eye
Rat
Rat, SD, 180-220g
Ma, J. , Yu, W. , Wang, Y. , Cao, G. , Cai, S. , Chen, X. , Yan, N. , Yuan, Y. , Zeng, H. , Fleenor, D. , Liu, X. and Pang, I.
Neuroprotective Effects of C-type Natriuretic Peptide on Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells. ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 51 , 3544-53 , 2010
Cells
Retinal ganglion
Enzymes
Papain : 0.2%
Medium
Neurobasal
Eye
Rat
Rat, Fisher, adult
Suzuki, T. , Mandai, M. , Akimoto, M. , Yoshimura, N. and Takahashi, M.
The Simultaneous Treatment of MMP-2 Stimulants in Retinal Transplantation Enhances Grafted Cell Migration into the Host Retina. ,
Stem Cells
 24 , 2406 , 2006
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
PDS kit : per instructions
Medium
MEM
Eye
Rat
Rat, Dark Agouti, 3-4 week
Akagi T, Mandai M, Ooto S, Hirami Y, Osakada F, Kageyama R, Yoshimura N, Takahashi M.
Otx2 homeobox gene induces photoreceptor-specific phenotypes in cells derived from adult iris and ciliary tissue ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 45 , 4570 , 2004
Cells
Ciliary-derived eye
Enzymes
PDS kit : with modifications
Medium
DMEM/F12
Eye
Rat
Rat, SD
Jing, S. , Wen, D. , Yu, Y. , Holst, P. , Luo, Y. , Fang, M. , Tamir, R. , Antonio, L. , Hu, Z. and et al.
GDNF-Induced Activation of the Ret Protein Tyrosine Kinase is Mediated by GDNFR-a, a Novel Receptor for GDNF ,
Cell
 85 , 1113 , 1996
Cells
Retina
Enzymes
Papain : 120 U
Medium
HBSS, PBS
Eye
Rat
Rat, Long Evans, 1-15 days
Huettner, J. and Baughman, R.
Primary Culture of Identified Neurons From the Visual Cortex of Postnatal Rats ,
J Neurosci
 6 , 3044 , 1986
Cells
Neurons, visual cortex
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
BSS
(see reference)
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 200-250 g
Lu Tong, Ye Dan, Wang Xiaoli, Seubert John M, Graves Joan P, Bradbury J Alyce, Zeldin Darryl C, Lee Hon-Chi.
Cardiac and vascular KATP channels in rats are activated by endogenous epoxyeicosatrienoic acids through different mechanisms ,
J Physiol
 575 , 627-44 , 2006
Cells
Ventricular myocytes and mesenteric arterial SMC
Enzymes
Papain : 0.175%
Medium
Krebs-Ringer
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, adult female
Puri S, Bansal DD, Uskokovic MR. and MacGregor RR.
Induction of tissue plasminogen activator secretion from rat heart microvascular cells by fM 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) ,
Am J Physiol/Endo
 278(2) , E293 , 2000
Cells
Heart microvascular cells
Enzymes
CLSPA : 250u/ml
Papain : 5 u/ml
Elastase : 0.8 u/ml
Medium
L-15
Lung
Rat
Rat, male, 200-250g
Bakhramov, A, Evans, M. and Kozlowski, R
Differential effects of hypoxia on the intracellular Ca2+ concentration of myocytes isolated from different regions of the rat pulmonary arterial tree ,
Exp Physiol
 83 , 337-47 , 1998
Cells
Pulmonary arterial myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.15%
Papain : 0.15%
Elastase : 0.05%
Medium
PBS
Muscle
Rat
Rat, SD, 250 g
Jaggar JH.
Intravascular pressure regulates local and global Ca(2+) signaling in cerebral artery smooth muscle cells ,
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
 281 , C439-48 , 2001
Cells
Arterial smooth muscle
Enzymes
Papain : 0.03%
Collagenase : 0.1%
Medium
see reference
Muscle
Rat
Rat, SHRs and WKY, male, 10 - 14 weeks
Bolzon, B. and Cheung, D.
Isolation and Characterization of Single Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ,
Hypertension
 14 , 137 , 1989
Cells
Smooth muscle, tail arteries
Enzymes
Papain : 0.1%
Medium
HEPES buffer
(see reference)
Neural
Rat
Rat, E17
Hayakawa, K. , Esposito, E. , Wang, X. , Terasaki, Y. , Liu, Y. , Xing, C. , Ji. X. and Lo, E.
Transfer of Mitochondria from Astrocytes to Neurons after Stroke. ,
Nature
 535 , 551-5 , 2016
Cells
Neurons
Enzymes
PDS kit : per instructions
Medium
DMEM
Neural
Rat
Rat, 6-8 week
Mothe, A. and Tator, C.
Isolation of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells from the Periventricular Region of the Adult Rat and Human Spinal Cord. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e52732 , 2015
Cells
Spinal cord neural progenitor
Enzymes
PDS kit : with modifications
Medium
EBSS

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.