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Tissue References Search Tool

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Brain
Rat
Rat, E19
Khakh Baljit S, Fisher James A, Nashmi Raad, Bowser David N, Lester Henry A.
An angstrom scale interaction between plasma membrane ATP-gated P2X2 and alpha4beta2 nicotinic channels measured with fluorescence resonance energy transfer and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy ,
J Neurosci
 25 , 6911-20 , 2005
Cells
Hippocampal neuron
Enzymes
Papain : 10 u/ml
Medium
MEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, E18
Behar, T, Smith, S, Kennedy, R, Mckenzie, J, Maric, I. and Barker, J
GABA(B) receptors mediate motility signals for migrating embryonic cortical cells ,
Cereb Cortex
 11 , 744-53 , 2001
Cells
Cortical cells
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Brain
Rat
Rat, wistar, 250-300 g
Brzezinska AK, Gebremedhin D, Chilian WM, Kalyanaraman B, Elliott SJ.
Peroxynitrite reversibly inhibits Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in rat cerebral artery smooth muscle cells ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 278 , H1883 , 2000
Cells
Cerebral artery smooth muscle cells
Enzymes
Papain : 1.5 mg/ml
Collagenase Type 4 : 1.5 mg/ml
Medium
Physiological Salt Solution
Brain
Rat
Rat, wistar, neonatal
Boehm S, Betz H.
Somatostatin inhibits excitatory transmission at rat hippocampal synapses via presynaptic receptors ,
J Neurosci
 17 , 4066 , 1997
Cells
Hippocampal cells
Enzymes
Papain : 1 mg/ml
Medium
DMEM
Brain
Rat
Rat, SD, Fisher
Brewer, G.J.
Isolation and culture of adult rat hippocampal neurons of any age ,
J Neurosci Methods
 71 , 143 , 1997
Cells
Hippocampal neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 0.2%
Medium
HibernateA/B27
Endothelial
Mouse
Mouse
Daneman, R. , Zhou, L. , Agalliu, D. , Cahoy, J. , Kaushal, A. and Barres, B.
The Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier Transcriptome: a New Resource for Understanding the Development and Function of Brain Endothelial Cells. ,
PLoS ONE
 5 , e13741 , 2010
Cells
Endothelial
Enzymes
Papain : 40 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 125 u/ml
Medium
DPBS
Epithelial
Mouse
Mouse, 8-12 week
Brann, D. , Tsukahara, T. , Weinreb, C. , Lipovsek, M. , Van den Berge, K. , Gong, B. , Chance, R. , Macaulay, I. , Chou, H. , Fletcher, R. , Das, D. , Street, K. , de Bezieux, H. , Choi, Y. , Risso, D. and Dudoit, S.
Non-Neuronal Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes in the Olfactory System Suggests Mechanisms Underlying COVID-19-Associated Anosmia. ,
Sci. Adv.
 6 , 2020
Cells
Nasal epithelium
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Epithelial
Mouse
Mouse
Pardo-Saganta, A. , Tata, P. , Law, B. , Saez, B. , Chow, R. , Prabhu, M. , Gridley, T. and Rajagopal, J.
Parent Stem Cells Can Serve as Niches for Their Daughter Cells. ,
Nature
 523 , 597-601 , 2015
Cells
Tracheal epithelial
Enzymes
Papain : 50 u/ml
Medium
See reference
Epithelial
Rat
Rat, adult
(also hamster)
Heimann, T. and Githens, S.
Rat Pancreatic Duct Epithelium Cultured on a Porous Support Coated with Extracellular Matrix ,
Pancreas
 6 (5) , 514 , 1991
Cells
Interlobular duct fragments
Medium
DMEM/Ham's F-12
Eye
Fish
Fish, zebrafish
Diekmann, H. , Kalbhen, P. and Fischer, D.
Characterization of Optic Nerve Regeneration using Transgenic Zebrafish. ,
Front Cell Neurosci
 9 , 118 , 2015
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 10 u/ml
Medium
L-15
Eye
Fish
Goldfish
Graffe, M. , Zenisek, D. and Taraska, J.
A Marginal Band of Microtubules Transports and Organizes Mitochondria in Retinal Bipolar Synaptic Terminals. ,
J Gen Physiol
 146 , 109-17 , 2015
Cells
Retinal Bipolar
Enzymes
Papain : 30 u/ml
Medium
HEPES
Eye
Monkey
Macaques and baboon
Han ,Y. , Jacoby, R. and Wu, S.
Morphological and Electrophysiological Properties of Dissociated Primate Retinal Cells. ,
Brain Res
 875 , 175 , 2000
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 20-40 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 400 u/ml
Medium
Ames' solution
Eye
Mouse

Mouse, 2 month

Murenu, E. , Pavlou, M. , Richter, L. , Rapti, K. , Just, S. and Cehajic-Kapetanovic, J.
A Universal Protocol for Isolating Retinal ON Bipolar Cells Across Species via Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting. , Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev Vol. 20 , 587-600 , 2021
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse
Ortin-Martinez, A. , Tsai, E. , Nickerson, P. , Bergeret, M. , Lu, Y. , Smiley, S. , Comanita, L. and Wallace, V.
A Reinterpretation of Cell Transplantation: GFP Transfer From Donor to Host Photoreceptors. ,
Stem Cells
 35 , 932-939 , 2017
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
PBS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse
Wohl, S. , Jorstad, N. , Levine, E. and Reh, T.
Muller Glial microRNAs are Required for the Maintenance of Glial Homeostasis and Retinal Architecture. ,
Nat Commun
 8 , 1603 , 2017
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse, C57BL/6
Blandford, S. and Baldridge, W.
The Effect of Glutamate Receptor Agonists on Mouse Retinal Astrocyte [Ca(2+)]i. ,
Biomed Res Int
 2016 , 8178162 , 2016
Cells
Retinal astrocytes
Enzymes
Papain : 16.5 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse, embryonic and P0
Dvoriantchikova, G. , Perea-Martinez, I. , Pappas, S. , Barry, A. , Danek, D. , Dvoriantchikova, X. , Pelaez, D. and Ivanov, D.
Molecular Characterization of Notch1 Positive Progenitor Cells in the Developing Retina. ,
PLoS ONE
 10 , e0131054 , 2015
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 8 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 124 u/ml
Medium
DPBS
Eye
Mouse
mouse, adult
Jadhav AP, Cho SH. and Cepko CL
Notch activity permits retinal cells to progress through multiple progenitor states and acquire a stem cell property ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 103 , 18998 , 2006
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 50 u/ml
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Eye
Mouse
Mouse, 2-5 month
Maxeiner Stephan, Dedek Karin, Janssen-Bienhold Ulrike, Ammermuller Josef, Brune Hendrik, Kirsch Taryn, Pieper Mario, Degen Joachim, Kruger Olaf, Willecke Klaus, Weiler Reto.
Deletion of connexin45 in mouse retinal neurons disrupts the rod/cone signaling pathway between AII amacrine and ON cone bipolar cells and leads to impaired visual transmission ,
J Neurosci
 25 , 566-76 , 2005
Cells
Mouse retinal and bipolar
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 200 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Eye
Rabbit
Rabbit, adult
Brockway LM, Zhou Z-H, Bubien JK, Jovov B, Benos DJ, Keyser KT.
Rabbit retinal neurons and glia express a variety of ENaC/DEG subunits ,
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
 283 , C126-34 , 2002
Cells
Retinal neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 26 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Eye
Rat

Rat, SD, 1-2 day

Lian, W. , Hu, X. , Zhang, J. , Wu, Y. , Zhao, N. , Ma, H. , He, H. and Lu, Q.
Fucoxanthin Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells and Promotes Parkin-mediated Mitophagy against Glutamate Excitotoxicity. ,
Neuroreport
 34 , 385-394 , 2023
Cells
Retinal ganglion
Enzymes
Papain : 0.5%
Medium
MEM
Eye
Rat
Rat, Wister, 3-30 wk
Cameron, M. , Kekesi, O. , Morley, J. , Tapson, J. , Breen, P. , Van Schaik, A. and Buskila, Y.
Calcium Imaging of AM Dyes Following Prolonged Incubation in Acute Neuronal Tissue. ,
PLoS ONE
 11 , e0155468 , 2016
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 30 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Eye
Rat
Rat, SD, 180-220g
Ma, J. , Yu, W. , Wang, Y. , Cao, G. , Cai, S. , Chen, X. , Yan, N. , Yuan, Y. , Zeng, H. , Fleenor, D. , Liu, X. and Pang, I.
Neuroprotective Effects of C-type Natriuretic Peptide on Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells. ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 51 , 3544-53 , 2010
Cells
Retinal ganglion
Enzymes
Papain : 0.2%
Medium
Neurobasal
Eye
Rat
Rat, SD
Jing, S. , Wen, D. , Yu, Y. , Holst, P. , Luo, Y. , Fang, M. , Tamir, R. , Antonio, L. , Hu, Z. and et al.
GDNF-Induced Activation of the Ret Protein Tyrosine Kinase is Mediated by GDNFR-a, a Novel Receptor for GDNF ,
Cell
 85 , 1113 , 1996
Cells
Retina
Enzymes
Papain : 120 U
Medium
HBSS, PBS
Eye
Rat
Rat, Long Evans, 1-15 days
Huettner, J. and Baughman, R.
Primary Culture of Identified Neurons From the Visual Cortex of Postnatal Rats ,
J Neurosci
 6 , 3044 , 1986
Cells
Neurons, visual cortex
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
BSS
(see reference)
Eye
Salamander
Salamander
Clarke, R, Wang, J. and Townes-Anderson, E.
Using Laser Tweezers For Manipulating Isolated Neurons In Vitro. ,
J Vis Exp
 19 , 911 , 2008
Cells
Neurons
Enzymes
Papain : 14 u/ml
Medium
Ringers
Eye
Salamander
Salamander, 18-25 cm
Townes-Anderson, E. , MacLeish, P. and Raviola, E.
Rod Cells Dissociated from Mature Salamander Retina: Ultrastruture and Uptake of Horseradish Peroxidase ,
J Cell Biol
 100 , 175 , 1985
Cells
Retina
Enzymes
Papain : 14 u/ml
Medium
Saline
Eye
Salamander
Salamander (A. tigrinum)
Bader, C. , MacLeish, P. and Schwartz, E.
Responses to Light of Solitary Rod Photoreceptors Isolated From Tiger Salamander Retina ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 75 , 3507 , 1978
Cells
Photoreceptors, retina
Enzymes
Papain : 0.05%
Medium
(see reference)
Eye
Turtle
Turtle (Pseudemys scripta elegans)
Lam, D.
Biosynthesis of Acetylcholine in Turtle Photoreceptors ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 69 , 1987 , 1972
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 0.1% (13.5 u/mg)
Medium
Kreb's Ringer
Heart
Mouse
Mouse
Touchberry, C. , Green, T. , Tchikrizov, V. , Mannix, J. , Mao, T. , Carney, B. , Girgis, M. , Vincent, R. , Wetmore, L. , Dawn, B. , Bonewald, L. , Stubbs, J. and Wacker, M.
FGF23 is a Novel Regulator of Intracellular Calcium and Cardiac Contractility in Addition to Cardiac Hypertrophy. ,
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
 304 , E863 , 2013
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 360 u/ml
Papain : 0.4 u/ml
Medium
L-15
Heart
Mouse
Mouse
Lu Tong, Ye Dan, Wang Xiaoli, Seubert John M, Graves Joan P, Bradbury J Alyce, Zeldin Darryl C, Lee Hon-Chi.
Cardiac and vascular KATP channels in rats are activated by endogenous epoxyeicosatrienoic acids through different mechanisms ,
J Physiol
 575 , 627-44 , 2006
Cells
Ventricular myocytes and mesenteric arterial SMC
Enzymes
Papain : 0.175%
Medium
Krebs-Ringer
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, 6-8 week
Qian, Q. , Hunter, L. , Li, M. , Marin-Padilla, M. , Prakash, Y. , Somlo, S. , Harris, P. , Torres, V. and Sieck, G.
Pkd2 Haploinsufficiency Alters Intracellular Calcium Regulation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ,
Hum Mol Genet
 12(15) , 1875 , 2003
Cells
Vascular smooth muscle
Enzymes
Papain : 10 u/ml
Elastase : .005%
Collagenase : 0.05%
Deoxyribonuclease I : 1000 u/ml
PDS kit : with modifications
Medium
EBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 200-250 g
Lu Tong, Ye Dan, Wang Xiaoli, Seubert John M, Graves Joan P, Bradbury J Alyce, Zeldin Darryl C, Lee Hon-Chi.
Cardiac and vascular KATP channels in rats are activated by endogenous epoxyeicosatrienoic acids through different mechanisms ,
J Physiol
 575 , 627-44 , 2006
Cells
Ventricular myocytes and mesenteric arterial SMC
Enzymes
Papain : 0.175%
Medium
Krebs-Ringer
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, adult female
Puri S, Bansal DD, Uskokovic MR. and MacGregor RR.
Induction of tissue plasminogen activator secretion from rat heart microvascular cells by fM 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) ,
Am J Physiol/Endo
 278(2) , E293 , 2000
Cells
Heart microvascular cells
Enzymes
CLSPA : 250u/ml
Papain : 5 u/ml
Elastase : 0.8 u/ml
Medium
L-15
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, neonatal and adult
Joseph, N. , He, S. , Quintana, E. , Kim, Y. , Nunez, G. and Morrison, S.
Enteric Glia are Multipotent in Culture but Primarily Form Glia in the Adult Rodent Gut. ,
J Clin Invest
 121 , 3398 , 2011
Cells
Myenteric plexus
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 0.025-0.1%
Papain : 10 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 100 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, Mastomys natalensis
Kidd, M. , Modlin, I. , Eick, G. and Champaneria, M.
Isolation, Functional Characterization, and Transcriptome of Mastomys Ileal Enterochromaffin Cells. ,
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
 291 , G778-91 , 2006
Cells
Enterochromaffin cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.025%
Pronase E : 0.07%
Medium
HBSS

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.