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Heart
Mouse
Mouse, P0-P1
Arber, S. , Hunter, J. , Ross, J. , Hongo, M. , Sansig, G. , Borg, J. , Perriard, J. , Chien, K. and Caroni, P.
MLP-Deficient Mice Exhibit a Disruption of Cardiac Cytoarchitectural Organization, Dilated Cadiomyopathy, and Heart Failure ,
Cell
 88 , 393 , 1997
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.045%
Medium
DMEM, Medium 199
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, 6-9 or 21-41 day
Valenzuela, D. , Han, X. , Mende, U. , Fankhauser, C. , Mashimo, H. , Huang, P. , Pfeffer, J. , Neer, E. and Fishman, M.
G alpha(o) is Necessary for Muscarinic Regulation of Ca2+ Channels in Mouse Heart ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 94(5) , 1727 , 1997
Cells
Ventricular and atrial myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 95 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 172.5 u/ml
Trypsin : 0.002%
Medium
DMEM/Tyrodes
Heart
Mouse
Mouse
Soonpaa, M. , Kim, K. , Pajak, aL. , Franklin, M. and Field, L.
Cardiomyocyte DNA Synthesis and Binucleation During Murine Development ,
Am J Physiol
 271 , H2183 , 1996
Cells
Cardiomyocyte
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.17 %
Medium
PBS
Heart
Mouse
Mouse embryos
Wobus, A. , Kleppisch, T. , Maltsev, V. and Hescheler, J.
Cardiomyocyte-Like Cells Differentiated In Vitro From Embryonic Carcinoma Cells P19 are Characterized by Functional Expression of Adrenoceptors and Ca2+ Channels ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 30A , 425 , 1994
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Mouse
Mouse
(also rat, neonate and chick, 8 day embryo)
Gross, W. , Schopf-Ebner, E. and Bucher, O.
Technique for the Preparation of Homogeneous Cultures of Isolated Heart Muscle Cells ,
Exp Cell Res
 53 , 1 , 1968
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Rinaldini's buffer solution, CF
Heart
Ovine
Ovine
Voigt, N. , Pearman, C. , Dobrev, D. and Dibb, K.
Methods for Isolating Atrial Cells from Large Mammals and Humans. ,
J Mol Cell Cardiol
 86 , 187-98 , 2015
Cells
Atrial myocytes
Enzymes
Protease XIV : 0.006%
Medium
Tyrode's solution
Heart
Ovine
Ovine
Dibb, K. , Clarke, J. , Horn, M. , Richards, M. , Graham, H. , Eisner, D. and Trafford, A.
Characterization of an Extensive Transverse Tubular Network in Sheep Atrial Myocytes and its Depletion in Heart Failure. ,
Circ Heart Fail
 2 , 482-9 , 2009
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Protease Type XIV : 0.006%
Medium
See reference
Heart
Ovine
Ovine
Dhamoon, A, Pandit, S. , Sarmast, F. , Parisian, K. , Guha, P. , Li, Y. , Bagwe, S. , Taffet, S. and Anumonwo, J.
Unique Kir2.x Properties Determine Regional and Species Differences in the Cardiac Inward Rectifier K+ Current. ,
Circ Res
 94 , 1332-9 , 2004
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 100-200 u/ml
Medium
See reference
Heart
Porcine
Porcine
Butcher, J. and Nerem, R.
Porcine Aortic Valve Interstitial Cells in Three-Dimensional Culture: Comparison of Phenotype with Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells. ,
J Heart Valve Dis
 13 , 478 , 2004
Cells
Aortic smooth muscle and intersitial cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 600 u/ml
Medium
PBS
Heart
Porcine
Porcine
Christ, M. , Gunther, A. , Heck, M. , Schmidt, B. , Falkenstein, E. and Wehling, M.
Aldosterone, Not Estradiol, Is the Physiological Agonist for Rapid Increases in cAMP in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ,
Circulation
 99 , 1485 , 1999
Cells
Coronary vascular smooth muscle (PCVSMCs)
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.037%
Medium
HEPES
Heart
Porcine
Miniature swine, adult, female, 25-40 kg, familiarized with treadmill exercise
Bowles, D. , Hu, Q. , Laughlin, M. and Sturek, M.
Exercise Training Increases L-type Calcium Current Density in Coronary Smooth Muscle ,
Am J Physiol
 275 (44) , H2159 , 1998
Cells
Coronary smooth muscle
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Krebs bicarbonate solution
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 3-3.5 kg
Fowler, E. , Wang, N. , Hezzell, M. , Chanoit, G. , Hancox, J. and Cannell, M.
Arrhythmogenic Late Ca2+ Sparks in Failing Heart Cells and Their Control by Action Potential Configuration ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 117 , 2687-2692 , 2020
Cells
Cardiac Myocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.08%
Protease XIV : 0.005%
Collagenase Type 1 : 0.1-0.2%
Medium
HEPES
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 2.3-2.9 kg
Farkas, A. , Acsai, K. , Nagy, N. , Toth, A. , Fulop, F. , Seprenyi, G. , Birinyi, P. , Nanasi, P. , Forster, T. , Csanady, M. , Papp, J. , Varrro, A. and Farkas, A.
Na(+)/Ca(2+) Exchanger Inhibition Exerts a Positive Inotropic Effect in the Rat Heart, but Fails to Influence the Contractility of the Rabbit Heart. ,
Br J Pharmacol
 154 , 93 , 2008
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : see reference
Protease : see reference
Medium
Krebs-Henseleit
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit
Verheye, S. , Martinet, W. , Kockx, M. , Knaapen, M. , Salu, K. , Timmermans, J. , Ellis, J. , Kilpatrick, D. and DeMayer, G.
Selective Clearance of Macrophages in Atherosclerotic Plaques by Autophagy ,
J Am Coll Cardiol
 49 , 706 , 2007
Cells
Smooth muscle cells
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 300 u/ml
Elastase : 5 u/ml
Medium
F10 Ham
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 2 kg
Driesen Ronald B, Dispersyn Gerrit D, Verheyen Fons K, van den Eijnde Stefan M, Hofstra Leo, Thone Fred, Dijkstra Petra, Debie Wiel, Borgers Marcel, Ramaekers Frans C S.
Partial cell fusion: a newly recognized type of communication between dedifferentiating cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts ,
Cardiovasc Res
 68 , 37-46 , 2005
Cells
Cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.06%
Medium
Medium 199
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, white, either sex
Sedarat, F. , Xu, L. , Moore, E. and Tibbits, G.
Colocalization of Dihydropyridine and Ryanodine Receptors in Neonate Rabbit Heart Using Confocal Microscopy ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 279 , H202 , 2000
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
EGTA-KB
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand White, 2-3 kg
Spitzer, K. , Ershler, P. , Skolnick, R. and Vaughan-Jones, R.
Generation of Intracellular pH Gradients in Single Cardiac Myocytes with a Microperfusion System ,
Am J Physiol
 278 , H1371 , 2000
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
HEPES
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, adult 1.5-2.5 kg
Anumonwo JM, Delmar M. and Jalife J.
Electrophysiology of single heart cells from the rabbit tricuspid valve ,
J Physiol
 425 , 145 , 1990
Cells
Tricuspid valve cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.8 mg/ml
Medium
HEPES Tyrode solution
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, white, male, 2-3 kg
Buxton, I. and Brunton, L.
Compartments of Cyclic AMP and Protein Kinase in Mammalian Cardiomyocytes ,
J Biol Chem
 258 (17) , 10233 , 1983
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : 0.5%
Medium
Eagle's MEM
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, adult, 2 kg
Dani, A. , Cittadini, A. , Flamini, G. , Festuccia, G. and Terranova, T.
Preparation and Some Properties of Isolated Beating Myocytes from Adult Rabbit Heart ,
J Mol Cell Cardiol
 9 , 777 , 1977
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : 0.007%
Medium
Kreb's Ringer
Heart
Rat

Rat, 1-2 day

Yang, M. , Abudureyimu, M. , Wang, X. , Zhou, Y. , Zhang, Y. and Ren, J.
PHB2 ameliorates Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy through interaction with NDUFV2 and restoration of mitochondrial complex I function. , Redox Biol Vol. 65 , 102812 , 2023
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult
Zhang, Y. , Wang, Y. , Yanni, J. , Qureshi, M. , Logantha, S. , Kassab, S. , Boyett, M. , Gardiner, N. , Sun, H. , Howarth, F. and Dobrzynski, H.
Electrical Conduction System Remodeling in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Rat Heart. ,
Front Physiol
 10 , 826 , 2019
Cells
Sinoatrial nodal
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 220 u/ml
Elastase : 1.4 u/ml
Protease : 0.45 u/ml
Medium
Tyrode solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult
Savi, M. , Bocchi, L. , Mena, P. , Dall'Asta, M. , Crozier, A. , Brighenti, F. , Stilli, D. and Del Rio, D.
In vivo Administration of Urolithin A and B Prevents the Occurrence of Cardiac Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. ,
Cardiovasc Diabetol
 16 , 80 , 2017
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Protease Type XIV : 0.01%
Medium
Tyrode solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 2 day
Abdul-Ghani, M. , Suen, C. , Jiang, B. , Deng, Y. , Weldrick, J. , Putinski, C. , Brunette, S. , Fernando, P. , Lee, T. , Flynn, P. , Leenen, F. , Burgon, P. Stewart, D. and Megeney, L.
Cardiotrophin 1 Stimulates Beneficial Myogenic and Vascular Remodeling of the Heart. ,
Cell Res
 27 , 1195-1215 , 2017
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 200 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, 250 g
Stoppel, W. , Gao, A. , Greaney, A. , Partlow, B. , Bretherton, R. , Kaplan, D. and Black, L
Elastic, Silk-Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Exhibit Time-Dependent Stiffening that Modulates Cardiac Fibroblast Response. ,
J Biomed Mater Res A
 104 , 3058 , 2016
Cells
Fibroblasts
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 300 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, 1-2 day
Xie, L. , Pi, X. , Townley-Tilson, WH. , Li, N. , Wehrens, X. , Entman, M. , Taffet, G. , Mishra, A. , Peng, J. , Schisler, J. , Meissner, G. and Patterson, C.
PHD2/3-dependent Hydroxylation Tunes Cardiac Response to β-adrenergic Stress via Phospholamban. ,
J Clin Invest
 125 , 2759-71 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
NCIS kit : per instructions
Medium
MEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 8-10 week
Lee, J. , Ha, J. and Leem, C.
A Novel Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Correction Method for Mitochondrial Ca(2+) Measurement with FURA-2-FF in Single Permeabilized Ventricular Myocytes of Rat. ,
Korean J Physiol Pharmacol
 19 , 373-82 , 2015
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.08%
Pronase : 0.004%
Medium
Tyrode's Solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Song, D. , Lee, K. , Ryu, J. , Jeon, H. and Kim, D.
The Molecular Interaction of Heart LIM Protein (HLP) with RyR2 and Caveolin-3 is Essential for Ca(2+)-Induced Ca(2+) Release in the Heart. ,
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
 463 , 975-81 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
NCIS kit : per instructions
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, Wistar, 250-350g
Calderon-Sachez, E. , Domi­nguez-Rodriguez, A. , Lopez-Haldon, J. , Jimenez-Navarro, M. , Gomez, A. , Smani, T. and Ordonez, A.
Cardioprotective Effect of Ranolazine in the Process of Ischemia-reperfusion in Adult Rat Cardiomyocytes. ,
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)
 , 2015
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 251 u/ml
Medium
Tyrode solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 2-3 day
Fang, R, Qiao, S. , Liu, Y. , Meng, Q. , Chen, X. , Song, B. , Hou, X. and Tian, W.
Sustained Co-Delivery of BIO and IGF-1 by a Novel Hybrid Hydrogel System to Stimulate Endogenous Cardiac Repair in Myocardial Infarcted Rat Hearts. ,
Int J Nanomedicine
 10 , 4691-703 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD
Horne, T. , VandeKopple, M. , Sauls, K. , Koenig, S. , Anstine, L. , Garg, V. , Norris, R. and Lincoln, J.
Dynamic Heterogeneity of the Heart Valve Interstitial Cell Population in Mitral Valve Health and Disease ,
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis
 2 , 214 , 2015
Cells
Valve interstitial cells
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 600 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 1 day
Clark, A. and Naya, F.
MicroRNAs in the Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (MEF2)-regulated Gtl2-Dio3 Noncoding RNA Locus Promote Cardiomyocyte Proliferation by Targeting the Transcriptional Coactivator Cited2. ,
J Biol Chem
 290 , 23162-72 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.025%
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, Wistar, 200g
Miller, L. , Greensmith, D. , Sankaranarayanan, R. , O'Neill, S. and Eisner D.
The Effect of 2,5-di-(tert-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ) on Intracellular Ca2+ Handling in Rat Ventricular Myocytes. ,
Cell Calcium
 58 , 208-14 , 2015
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 95 u/ml
Protease : 0.1 u/ml
Medium
HEPES
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 3-4 month
Liu, L. , Wang, Y. , Cao, Z. , Wang, M. , Liu, X. , Gao, T. , Hu, Q. , Yuan, W. and Lin, L.
Up-regulated TLR4 in Cardiomyocytes Exacerbates Heart Failure after Long-Term Myocardial Infarction. ,
J Cell Mol Med
 19 , 2728 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Zhang, B. , Montgomery, M. , Davenport-Huyer, L. , Korolj, A. and Radisic, M.
Platform Technology for Scalable Assembly of Instantaneously Functional Mosaic Tissues. ,
Sci. Adv.
 1 , e1500423 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.06%
Collagenase Type 2 : 220 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 1-2 day
Rutering, J. , Ilmer, M. , Recio, A. , Coleman, M. , Vykoukal, J. and Alt, E.
Improved Method for Isolation of Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes with Increased Yield of C-Kit+ Cardiac Progenitor Cells. ,
J Stem Cell Res Ther
 5 , 1-8 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F-12

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.