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Heart
Rat
Rat, adult
Xu, X. and Colecraft, H.
Primary Culture of Adult Rat Heart Myocytes. ,
J Vis Exp
 28 , 1308 , 2009
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Protease XIV : 0.02%
Medium
Media 199
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 2 day
Jang, J. , Ku, S. , Kim, J. , Choi, K. , Kim, Y. , Kim, H. , Oh, S. , Lee, E. , Cho, H. , Song, Y. , Lee, S. , Lee, S. , Suh, C. , Kim, S. , Moon, S. and Choi, Y.
Notch Inhibition Promotes Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Mesoderm Differentiation. ,
Stem Cells
 26 , 2782 , 2008
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, male, 225-250g
Kubli, D. , Quinsay, M. , Huang, C. , Lee, Y. and Gustafsson, A.
Bnip3 Functions as a Mitochondrial Sensor of Oxidative Stress During Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion. ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 295 , H2025 , 2008
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
J-MEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 200-250 g
Farkas, A. , Acsai, K. , Nagy, N. , Toth, A. , Fulop, F. , Seprenyi, G. , Birinyi, P. , Nanasi, P. , Forster, T. , Csanady, M. , Papp, J. , Varrro, A. and Farkas, A.
Na(+)/Ca(2+) Exchanger Inhibition Exerts a Positive Inotropic Effect in the Rat Heart, but Fails to Influence the Contractility of the Rabbit Heart. ,
Br J Pharmacol
 154 , 93 , 2008
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : see reference
Protease : see reference
Medium
Krebs-Henseleit
Heart
Rat
Rat
Jenkins, C. , Milsted, A. , Doane, K. , Meszaros, G. , Toot, J. and Ely, D.
A Cell Culture Model using Rat Coronary Artery Adventitial Fibroblasts to Measure Collagen Production. ,
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
 7 , 13 , 2007
Cells
Ventricular fibroblasts
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.06%
Collagenase : 100 u/ml
Medium
ADS Buffer:see reference
Heart
Rat
Rat, 2-3 day
LaFramboise, W. , Scalise, D. , Stoodley, P. , Graner, S. , Guthrie, R. , Magovern, J. and Becich, M.
Cardiac Fibroblasts Influence Cardiomyocyte Phenotype in Vitro. ,
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
 292 , C1799-808 , 2007
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, male
Stagg Mark A, Coppen Steven R, Suzuki Ken, Varela-Carver Anabel, Lee Joon, Brand Nigel J, Fukushima Satsuki, Yacoub Magdi H, Terracciano Cesare M.
Evaluation of frequency, type, and function of gap junctions between skeletal myoblasts overexpressing connexin43 and cardiomyocytes: relevance to cell transplantation ,
FASEB J
 20 , 744-6 , 2006
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.13%
Hyaluronidase : 0.06%
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 300-350 g
Niederbichler Andreas D, Hoesel Laszlo M, Westfall Margaret V, Gao Hongwei, Ipaktchi Kyros R, Sun Lei, Zetoune Firas S, Su Grace L, Arbabi Saman, Sarma J Vidya, Wang StewartC, Hemmila MarkR, Ward PeterA.
An essential role for complement C5a in the pathogenesis of septic cardiac dysfunction ,
J Exp Med
 203 , 53-61 , 2006
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 200-250 g
Lu Tong, Ye Dan, Wang Xiaoli, Seubert John M, Graves Joan P, Bradbury J Alyce, Zeldin Darryl C, Lee Hon-Chi.
Cardiac and vascular KATP channels in rats are activated by endogenous epoxyeicosatrienoic acids through different mechanisms ,
J Physiol
 575 , 627-44 , 2006
Cells
Ventricular myocytes and mesenteric arterial SMC
Enzymes
Papain : 0.175%
Medium
Krebs-Ringer
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, male, 250-300 g
Head, B. , Patel, H. , Roth, D. , Lai, N. , Niesman, I. , Farquhar, M. and Insel, P.
G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling Components Localize in Both Sarcolemmal and Intracellular Caveolin-3-Associated Microdomains in Adult Cardiac Myocytes. ,
J Biol Chem
 280 , 31036-44 , 2005
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 250 u/ml
Medium
Cardioplegic solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 2-4 day
Entcheva, E. , Bien, H, Yin L. , Chung, C. , Farrell, M. and Kostov, Y.
Functional Cardiac Cell Constructs on Cellulose-based Scaffolding ,
Biomaterials
 25(26) , 5753 , 2004
Cells
Cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Collagenase : 0.1%
Medium
Medium 199
Heart
Rat
Rat, male, 250-300 g
Hunton DaciaL, Zou LuYun, Pang Yi, Marchase Richard B.
Adult rat cardiomyocytes exhibit capacitative calcium entry ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 286 , H1124-32 , 2004
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Protease : 0.01%
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Chen Hsiao-Huei, Mullett Steven J, Stewart Alexandre F R.
Vgl-4, a novel member of the vestigial-like family of transcription cofactors, regulates alpha1-adrenergic activation of gene expression in cardiac myocytes ,
J Biol Chem
 279 , 30800-6 , 2004
Cells
Cardiac myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Tamamori-Adachi, M. , Hayashida, K. , Nobori, K. , Omizu, C. , Yamada, K. , Sakamoto, N. , Kamura, T. , Fukuda, K. , Ogawa, S. , Nakayama, K. and Kitajima, S.
Down-Regulation of p27 Promotes Cell Proliferation of Rat Neonatal Cardiomyocytes Induced by Nuclear Expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 ,
J Biol Chem
 2279 , 50429 , 2004
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, 50 g
Aberle II NS. and Ren J.
Experimental Assessment of the Role of Acetaldehyde in Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy ,
Biol Proced Online
 5 , 1 , 2003
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 223 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 0.01%
Trypsin : 0.002%
Medium
Medium 199
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult, 220-280g
Gordon Jennifer M, Dusting Gregory J, Woodman Owen L, Ritchie Rebecca H.
Cardioprotective action of CRF peptide urocortin against simulated ischemia in adult rat cardiomyocytes ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 284 , H330-6 , 2003
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 178 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 0.01%
Medium
Krebs-Henseleit, CF
Heart
Rat
Rat, fetal or 3-day
Tamamori-Adachi Mimi, Ito Hiroshi, Sumrejkanchanakij Piyamas, Adachi Susumu, Hiroe Michiaki, Shimizu Masato, Kawauchi Junya, Sunamori Makoto, Marumo Fumiaki, Kitajima Shigetaka, Ikeda Masa-Aki.
Critical role of cyclin D1 nuclear import in cardiomyocyte proliferation ,
Circ Res
 92 , e12-9 , 2003
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
HEPES
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 200-300 g
Swift Luther, McHowat Jane, Sarvazyan Narine.
Inhibition of membrane-associated calcium-independent phospholipase A2 as a potential culprit of anthracycline cardiotoxicity ,
Cancer Res
 63 , 5992-8 , 2003
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 0.05-0.1%
Medium
Joklik's MEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 175-200g
Tardif Annie, Julien Nathalie, Chiasson Jean-Louis, Coderre Lise.
Stimulation of glucose uptake by chronic vanadate pretreatment in cardiomyocytes requires PI 3-kinase and p38 MAPK activation ,
Am J Physiol/Endo
 284 , E1055-64 , 2003
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Krebs-Ringer
Heart
Rat
Rat, female, 250-300 g
Liu Qinghang, Hofmann Polly A.
Antiadrenergic effects of adenosine A(1) receptor-mediated protein phosphatase 2a activation in the heart ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 283 , H1314-21 , 2002
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Ringer solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, Wistar, 1 day
Shimizu Tatsuya, Yamato Masayuki, Isoi Yuki, Akutsu Takumitsu, Setomaru Takeshi, Abe Kazuhiko, Kikuchi Akihiko, Umezu Mitsuo, Okano Teruo.
Fabrication of pulsatile cardiac tissue grafts using a novel 3-dimensional cell sheet manipulation technique and temperature-responsive cell culture surfaces ,
Circ Res
 90 , e40 , 2002
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
M199
Heart
Rat
Rat, neonatal, adult, 17 day
Lam ML, Bartoli M. and Claycomb WC.
The 21-day postnatal rat ventricular cardiac muscle cell in culture as an experimental model to study adult cardiomyocyte gene expression ,
Mol Cell Biochem
 229 , 51 , 2002
Cells
Ventricular cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult
Ren J. and Wold LE.
Measurement of Cardiac Mechanical Function in Isolated Ventricular Myocytes from Rats and Mice by Computerized Video-Based Imaging ,
Biol Proced Online
 3 , 43 , 2001
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 223 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 0.01%
Trypsin : 0.002%
Medium
Tyrode solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, male
Dai L, Brookes PS, Darley-Usmar VM. and Anderson PG.
Bioenergetics in cardiac hypertrophy: mitochondrial respiration as a pathological target of NO ,
Am J Physiol/Heart
 281 , H2261-H2269 , 2001
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 140 u/ml
Medium
Krebs-Henseleit
Heart
Rat
Rat, Wistar, female
Pyle, W, Lester, J. and Hofmann, P.
Effects of Kappa-opioid receptor activation of myocardium ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 281 , H669 , 2001
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Ringer solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 1-2 day
Arutunyan A, Webster D, Swift L, Sarvazyan N.
Localized injury in cardiomyocyte network: a new experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmias ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 280 , H1905-15 , 2001
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.01%
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, adult female
Puri S, Bansal DD, Uskokovic MR. and MacGregor RR.
Induction of tissue plasminogen activator secretion from rat heart microvascular cells by fM 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) ,
Am J Physiol/Endo
 278(2) , E293 , 2000
Cells
Heart microvascular cells
Enzymes
CLSPA : 250u/ml
Papain : 5 u/ml
Elastase : 0.8 u/ml
Medium
L-15
Heart
Rat
Rat, 1-2 day
Bueno OF, De Windt LJ, Tymitz KM, Witt SA, Kimball TR, Klevitsky R, Hewett TE, Jones SP, Lefer DJ, Peng CF, Kitsis RN. and Molkentin JD.
The MEK1-ERK1/2 signaling pathway promotes compensated cardiac hypertrophy in transgenic mice ,
EMBO J
 19(23) , 6341 , 2000
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 84 u/ml
Pancreatin : 0.05%
Medium
M199 medium
Heart
Rat
Rat, Winstar, 1-2 day
Maki T, Horio T, Yoshihara F, Suga S, Takeo S, Matsuo H. and Kangawa K
Effect of neutral endopeptidase inhibitor on endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide as a paracrine factor in cultured cardiac fibroblasts ,
Br J Pharmacol
 131(6) , 1204 , 2000
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, male, 250-300g
Sun L, Chang J, Kirchhoff SR. and Knowlton AA.
Activation of HSF and selective increase in heat-shock proteins by acute dexamethasone treatment ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 278(4) , H1091 , 2000
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
M199
Heart
Rat
Rat, 1-3 day
Adderley SR. and Fitzgerald DJ.
Oxidative damage of cardiomyocytes is limited by extracellular regulated kinases 1/2-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 ,
J Biol Chem
 274 , 5038 , 1999
Cells
Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Pancreatin : 0.06%
Medium
DMEM/F12
Heart
Rat
Rat, 1-2 day
Reinecke H, Zhang M, Bartosek T. and Murry CE.
Survival, integration, and differentiation of cardiomyocyte grafts: a study in normal and injured rat hearts ,
Circulation
 100(2) , 193 , 1999
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 95 u/ml
Pancreatin : 0.06%
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, Wistar, male
Sambandam N, Abrahani MA, St Pierre E, Al-Atar O, Cam MC. and Rodrigues B.
Localization of lipoprotein lipase in the diabetic heart: regulation by acute changes in insulin ,
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
 19(6) , 1526 , 1999
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 228 u/ml
Medium
Joklik MEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult and neonatal
Richards SM, Jaconi ME, Vassort G. and Puceat M.
A spliced variant of AE1 gene encodes a truncated form of Band 3 in heart: the predominant anion exchanger in ventricular myocytes ,
J Cell Sci
 112 , 1519 , 1999
Cells
Cardioomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 0.12%-adult
Collagenase Type 2 : 0.05%-neonatal
Medium
DMEM/medium 199
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 300-350 g
Yu L, Netticadan T, Xu YJ, Panagia V, Dhalla NS.
Mechanisms of lysophosphatidylcholine-induced increase in intracellular calcium in rat cardiomyocytes ,
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
 286 , 1-8 , 1998
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
see reference
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, female, 200g
Westfall M V, Rust E M, Metzger J M.
Slow skeletal troponin I gene transfer, expression, and myofilament incorporation enhances adult cardiac myocyte contractile function ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 94 , 5444-9 , 1997
Cells
Ventricular cardiac myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Krebs-Henseleit buffer

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.