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Tissue References Search Tool

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Epithelial
Rat
Rat, embryonic
Shannon JM, Gebb SA. and Nielsen LD
Induction of alveolar type II cell differentiation in embryonic tracheal epithelium in mesenchyme-free culture ,
Development
 126 , 1675 , 1999
Cells
Tracheal epithelial
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12
Epithelial
Rat
Rat, SD, 200 g
Yassin, R. , Clearfield, H. , Katz, S. and Murthy, S.
Gastrin Induction of mRNA Expression in Rat Colonic Epithelium In Vitro ,
Peptides
 12 , 63 , 1991
Cells
Colon
Enzymes
Deoxyribonuclease I : 10 µg/ml
Medium
(see reference)
Eye
Bovine
Bovine
Terlizzi, V. , Kolibabka, M. , Burgess, J. , Hammes, H. and Harmsen, M.
The Pericytic Phenotype of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Is Promoted by NOTCH2. ,
Stem Cells
 36 , 240-251 , 2018
Cells
Retinal endothelial
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.02%
Medium
DMEM
Eye
Chicken
Chick, embryo, 6 day
Jacob Vanessa, Rothermel Andrae, Wolf Peter, Layer Paul G.
Rhodopsin, violet and blue opsin expressions in the chick are highly dependent on tissue and serum conditions ,
Cell Death Differ
 180 , 159-68 , 2005
Cells
Retinal cells
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.005%
Medium
DMEM/F12
Eye
Monkey
Macaques and baboon
Han ,Y. , Jacoby, R. and Wu, S.
Morphological and Electrophysiological Properties of Dissociated Primate Retinal Cells. ,
Brain Res
 875 , 175 , 2000
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 20-40 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 400 u/ml
Medium
Ames' solution
Eye
Mouse

Mouse, 2 month

Murenu, E. , Pavlou, M. , Richter, L. , Rapti, K. , Just, S. and Cehajic-Kapetanovic, J.
A Universal Protocol for Isolating Retinal ON Bipolar Cells Across Species via Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting. , Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev Vol. 20 , 587-600 , 2021
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse
Ortin-Martinez, A. , Tsai, E. , Nickerson, P. , Bergeret, M. , Lu, Y. , Smiley, S. , Comanita, L. and Wallace, V.
A Reinterpretation of Cell Transplantation: GFP Transfer From Donor to Host Photoreceptors. ,
Stem Cells
 35 , 932-939 , 2017
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
PBS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse
Wohl, S. , Jorstad, N. , Levine, E. and Reh, T.
Muller Glial microRNAs are Required for the Maintenance of Glial Homeostasis and Retinal Architecture. ,
Nat Commun
 8 , 1603 , 2017
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse, C57BL/6
Blandford, S. and Baldridge, W.
The Effect of Glutamate Receptor Agonists on Mouse Retinal Astrocyte [Ca(2+)]i. ,
Biomed Res Int
 2016 , 8178162 , 2016
Cells
Retinal astrocytes
Enzymes
Papain : 16.5 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse, embryonic and P0
Dvoriantchikova, G. , Perea-Martinez, I. , Pappas, S. , Barry, A. , Danek, D. , Dvoriantchikova, X. , Pelaez, D. and Ivanov, D.
Molecular Characterization of Notch1 Positive Progenitor Cells in the Developing Retina. ,
PLoS ONE
 10 , e0131054 , 2015
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 8 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 124 u/ml
Medium
DPBS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse, 4-5 week
Ebihara, L. , Tong, J. , Vertel, B. , White, T. and Chen, T.
Properties of Connexin 46 Hemichannels in Dissociated Lens Fiber Cells. ,
Inv Ophthal Visual Sci
 52 , 882-9 , 2011
Cells
Lens Fiber
Enzymes
Protease : 0.5%
Medium
PBS
Eye
Mouse
Mouse
Amadi-Obi, A. , Yu, C. , Liu, X. , Mahdi, R. , Clarke, G. , Nussenblatt, R, Gery, I. , Lee, Y. and Egwuagu, C.
TH17 Cells Contribute to Uveitis and Scleritis and are Expanded by IL-2 and Inhibited by IL-27/STAT1. ,
Nat Med
 13 , 711 , 2007
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI
Eye
Mouse
Mouse, 2-5 month
Maxeiner Stephan, Dedek Karin, Janssen-Bienhold Ulrike, Ammermuller Josef, Brune Hendrik, Kirsch Taryn, Pieper Mario, Degen Joachim, Kruger Olaf, Willecke Klaus, Weiler Reto.
Deletion of connexin45 in mouse retinal neurons disrupts the rod/cone signaling pathway between AII amacrine and ON cone bipolar cells and leads to impaired visual transmission ,
J Neurosci
 25 , 566-76 , 2005
Cells
Mouse retinal and bipolar
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 200 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Eye
Rat

Rat, SD, 1-2 day

Lian, W. , Hu, X. , Zhang, J. , Wu, Y. , Zhao, N. , Ma, H. , He, H. and Lu, Q.
Fucoxanthin Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells and Promotes Parkin-mediated Mitophagy against Glutamate Excitotoxicity. ,
Neuroreport
 34 , 385-394 , 2023
Cells
Retinal ganglion
Enzymes
Papain : 0.5%
Medium
MEM
Eye
Rat
Rat, Wister, 3-30 wk
Cameron, M. , Kekesi, O. , Morley, J. , Tapson, J. , Breen, P. , Van Schaik, A. and Buskila, Y.
Calcium Imaging of AM Dyes Following Prolonged Incubation in Acute Neuronal Tissue. ,
PLoS ONE
 11 , e0155468 , 2016
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 30 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Heart
Canine
Canine
Xi, Y. , Wu, G. , Ai, T. , Cheng, N. , Kalisnik, J. , Sun, J. , Abbasi, S. , Yang, D. , Fan, C. , Yuan, X. and Wang, S. et al.
Ionic Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide on Canine Atrial Myocardium. ,
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol
 6 , 976-83 , 2013
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 300 u/ml
Protease : 0.03%
Medium
Tyrode's solution
Heart
Canine
Canine, adult
Gavi, S. , Yin, D. , Shumay, E. , Wang, H. and Malbon, C.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Provokes Functional Antagonism and Internalization of Beta1-Adrenergic Receptors. ,
Endocrinology
 148 , 2653-62 , 2007
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Protease : 0.008%
Medium
M199
Heart
Chicken
Chicken, embryonic
Blech-Hermoni, Y. and Ladd, A.
Identification of Transcripts Regulated by CUG-BP, Elav-like Family Member 1 (CELF1) in Primary Embryonic Cardiomyocytes by RNA-seq. ,
Genom Data
 6 , 74-76 , 2015
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Human
Human
Voigt, N. , Zhou, X. and Dobrev, D.
Isolation of Human Atrial Myocytes for Simultaneous Measurements of Ca2+ Transients and Membrane Currents. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e50235 , 2013
Cells
Atrial myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 286 u/ml
Protease : 5 u/ml
Medium
see references
Heart
Human
Human
Voigt, N. , Makary, S. , Nattel, S. and Dobrev, D.
Voltage-Clamp-Based Methods for the Detection of Constitutively Active Acetylcholine-Gated I(K,ACh) Channels in the Diseased Heart. ,
Methods Enzymol
 484 , 653 , 2010
Cells
Atrial cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 286 u/ml
Protease : 5 u/ml
Medium
see reference
Heart
Mouse

Mouse, adult

Zhang, Z. , Zheng, W. , He, D. , Hu, Z. , Xie, Q. , Huang, M. , Li, W. and Huang, Z.
An Improved Procedure for Isolating Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes for Epicardial Activation Mapping. ,
J Cell Mol Med
 25 , 11257-11263 , 2021
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 35-50 u/ml
Protease : 0.005%
Medium
Tyrode solution
Heart
Mouse
Mouse
Hu, D. , Yin, C. , Mohanta, S. , Weber, C. and Habenicht, A.
Prepartaion of Single Cell Suspensions from Mouse Aorta ,
Bio Protoc
 6 , 11 , 2016
Cells
Aortic
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 400 u/ml
Collagenase : 120 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 60 u/ml
Medium
DPBS
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, adult
Santos Nascimento, D, Mosqueira, D, Sousa, L, Teixeira, M, Filipe, M, Resende, T, Araujo, A, Valente, M, Almeida, J, Martins, J, Santos, J, Barcia, R, Cruz, P, Cruz, H. and Pinto-d-O, P
Human Umbilical Cord Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Attenuate Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction by Proangiogenic, Antiapoptotic, and Endogenous Cell-Activation Mechanisms. ,
Stem Cell Res Ther
 5 , 5 , 2014
Cells
Cardiac Progenitor
Enzymes
Medium
MEM
Heart
Mouse
Mouse
Touchberry, C. , Green, T. , Tchikrizov, V. , Mannix, J. , Mao, T. , Carney, B. , Girgis, M. , Vincent, R. , Wetmore, L. , Dawn, B. , Bonewald, L. , Stubbs, J. and Wacker, M.
FGF23 is a Novel Regulator of Intracellular Calcium and Cardiac Contractility in Addition to Cardiac Hypertrophy. ,
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
 304 , E863 , 2013
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 360 u/ml
Papain : 0.4 u/ml
Medium
L-15
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, adult, 9-13 week
Kabaeva, Z. , Zhao, M. and Michele, D.
Blebbistatin Extends Culture Life of Adult Mouse Cardiac Myocytes and Allows Efficient and Stable Transgene Expression. ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 294 , H1667-74 , 2008
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 620 u/ml
Protease XIV : 0.104 u/ml
Medium
Myocyte buffer see reference
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, 6-8 week
Qian, Q. , Hunter, L. , Li, M. , Marin-Padilla, M. , Prakash, Y. , Somlo, S. , Harris, P. , Torres, V. and Sieck, G.
Pkd2 Haploinsufficiency Alters Intracellular Calcium Regulation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ,
Hum Mol Genet
 12(15) , 1875 , 2003
Cells
Vascular smooth muscle
Enzymes
Papain : 10 u/ml
Elastase : .005%
Collagenase : 0.05%
Deoxyribonuclease I : 1000 u/ml
PDS kit : with modifications
Medium
EBSS
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, 1-6 day
Watzka SB, Lucien J, Shimada M, Edwards V, Yeger H, Hannigan G. and Coles JG.
Selection of viable cardiomyocytes for cell transplantation using three-dimensional tissue culture ,
Transplantation
 70 , 1310 , 2000
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
PBS
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, 6-9 or 21-41 day
Valenzuela, D. , Han, X. , Mende, U. , Fankhauser, C. , Mashimo, H. , Huang, P. , Pfeffer, J. , Neer, E. and Fishman, M.
G alpha(o) is Necessary for Muscarinic Regulation of Ca2+ Channels in Mouse Heart ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 94(5) , 1727 , 1997
Cells
Ventricular and atrial myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 95 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 172.5 u/ml
Trypsin : 0.002%
Medium
DMEM/Tyrodes
Heart
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 2.3-2.9 kg
Farkas, A. , Acsai, K. , Nagy, N. , Toth, A. , Fulop, F. , Seprenyi, G. , Birinyi, P. , Nanasi, P. , Forster, T. , Csanady, M. , Papp, J. , Varrro, A. and Farkas, A.
Na(+)/Ca(2+) Exchanger Inhibition Exerts a Positive Inotropic Effect in the Rat Heart, but Fails to Influence the Contractility of the Rabbit Heart. ,
Br J Pharmacol
 154 , 93 , 2008
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : see reference
Protease : see reference
Medium
Krebs-Henseleit
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult
Zhang, Y. , Wang, Y. , Yanni, J. , Qureshi, M. , Logantha, S. , Kassab, S. , Boyett, M. , Gardiner, N. , Sun, H. , Howarth, F. and Dobrzynski, H.
Electrical Conduction System Remodeling in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Rat Heart. ,
Front Physiol
 10 , 826 , 2019
Cells
Sinoatrial nodal
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 220 u/ml
Elastase : 1.4 u/ml
Protease : 0.45 u/ml
Medium
Tyrode solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, Wistar, 200g
Miller, L. , Greensmith, D. , Sankaranarayanan, R. , O'Neill, S. and Eisner D.
The Effect of 2,5-di-(tert-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ) on Intracellular Ca2+ Handling in Rat Ventricular Myocytes. ,
Cell Calcium
 58 , 208-14 , 2015
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 95 u/ml
Protease : 0.1 u/ml
Medium
HEPES
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 200-250 g
Farkas, A. , Acsai, K. , Nagy, N. , Toth, A. , Fulop, F. , Seprenyi, G. , Birinyi, P. , Nanasi, P. , Forster, T. , Csanady, M. , Papp, J. , Varrro, A. and Farkas, A.
Na(+)/Ca(2+) Exchanger Inhibition Exerts a Positive Inotropic Effect in the Rat Heart, but Fails to Influence the Contractility of the Rabbit Heart. ,
Br J Pharmacol
 154 , 93 , 2008
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : see reference
Protease : see reference
Medium
Krebs-Henseleit
Heart
Rat
Rat, male, 250-300 g
Hunton DaciaL, Zou LuYun, Pang Yi, Marchase Richard B.
Adult rat cardiomyocytes exhibit capacitative calcium entry ,
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
 286 , H1124-32 , 2004
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Protease : 0.01%
Medium
HBSS
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 175-200g
Tardif Annie, Julien Nathalie, Chiasson Jean-Louis, Coderre Lise.
Stimulation of glucose uptake by chronic vanadate pretreatment in cardiomyocytes requires PI 3-kinase and p38 MAPK activation ,
Am J Physiol/Endo
 284 , E1055-64 , 2003
Cells
Cardiomyocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Krebs-Ringer
Heart
Rat
Rat, male, 6-12 months old
Kitta, K. , Day, R. , Ikeda, T. and Suzuki, Y.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Protects Cardiac Myocytes Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis ,
Free Radic Biol Med
 31 (7) , 902 , 2001
Cells
Cardiac myocytes
Enzymes
Protease : 0.55 u/ml
Medium
Tyrode's solution
Intestine
Human
Human
Trapecar, M. , Khan, S. , Roan, N. , Chen, T. , Telwatte, S. , Deswal, M. , Pao, M. , Somsouk, M. , Deeks, S. , Hunt, P. , Yukl, S. and Sanjabi, S.
An Optimized and Validated Method for Isolation and Characterization of Lymphocytes from HIV+ Human Gut Biopsies. ,
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
 33 , S31-S39 , 2017
Cells
Lymphocytes
Enzymes
CLSPA : 0.05%
Deoxyribonuclease I : 0.00075%
Medium
RPMI-1640

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.