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Tissue

Species

Enzyme(s)

Reproductive
Mouse
Mouse, female,6-8 weeks
Ghosh, D. , Danielson, K. , Alston, J. and Heyner, S.
Functional Differentiation of Mouse Uterine Epithelial Cells Grown on Collagen Gels or Reconstituted Basement Membranes ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 27A , 713 , 1991
Cells
Uterine
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Trypsin : 0.2%
Medium
HBSS
Reproductive
Mouse
Mouse (C57B/T), fetus, 16-17 days old
Thompson, T.C. , Southgate, J. , Kitchener, G. and Land, H.
Multistage Carcinogenesis Induced by ras and myc Oncogenes in a Reconstituted Organ ,
Cell
 56 , 917 , 1989
Cells
Prostate
Enzymes
Trypsin : 1.0%
Medium
HBSS/ DMEM
Reproductive
Mouse
Mouse, outbred, CD-1, 21-23 days old
Tomooka, Y. , DiAugustine, R. and McLachlan, J.
Proliferation of Mouse Uterine Epithelial Cells in Vitro ,
Endocrinology
 118 (3) , 1011 , 1986
Cells
Epithelial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.5%
Medium
Medium 199
Reproductive
Mouse
Mouse, BALB/c
Bigsby, R. , Cooke, P. and Cunha, G.
A Simple Efficient Method For Separating Murine Uterine Epithelial and Mesenchymal Cells ,
Am J Physiol
 251 , E630 , 1986
Cells
Epithelial
Mesencymal
Enzymes
Trypsin : 1%
Medium
DMEM
Reproductive
Mouse
Mouse, BALB/cCrg, 40 days old
Cooke, P. , Uchima, F. , Fujii, D. , Bern, H. and Cunha, G.
Restoration of Normal Morphology and Estrogen Responsiveness in Cultured Vaginal and Uterine Epithelia Transplanted with Stroma ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 83 , 2109 , 1986
Cells
Epithelial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 1%
Medium
Medium 199
Reproductive
Porcine
Porcine, 1-4 day
Park, M. , Park, J. , Kim, M. , Lee, K. , Park, H. , Yun, J. , Choi, J. , Lee, E. and Lee, S.
Development of a High-Yield Technique to Isolate Spermatogonial Stem Cells From Porcine Testes. ,
J Assist Reprod Genet
 31 , 983-91 , 2014
Cells
Testicular
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : 0.1%
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
DMEM
File
11484.pdf (224 KB)
Reproductive
Porcine
Porcine, male, 8 day
Dirami G, Ravindranath N, Pursel V, Dym M.
Effects of stem cell factor and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor on survival of porcine type A spermatogonia cultured in KSOM ,
Biol Reprod
 61 , 225-30 , 1999
Cells
Seminiferous epithelial cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.15%
Hyaluronidase : 0.15%
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
DMEM/F12
Reproductive
Porcine
Porcine, 3-4 week
Mather, J. , Saez, J. and Haour, F.
Regulaton of Gonadotropin Receptors and Steroidogenesis in Cultured Porcine Leydig Cells ,
Endocrinology
 110 , 933 , 1982
Cells
Leydig
Testis
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.0003%
Medium
Lebovitz L-15 Medium
Reproductive
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 3 month
Kubota, H. , Wu, X. , Goodyear, S. , Avarbock, M. and Brinster, R.
Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Endothelial Cells Promote Self-Renewal of Rabbit Germ Cells with Spermatogonial Stem Cell Properties. ,
FASEB J
 25 , 2604 , 2011
Cells
Testicular germ
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Reproductive
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 3 month
Kubota, H. , Wu, X. , Goodyear, S. , Avarbock, M. and Brinster, R.
Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Endothelial Cells Promote Self-Renewal of Rabbit Germ Cells with Spermatogonial Stem Cell Properties. ,
FASEB J
 25 , 2604 , 2011
Cells
Testicular germ
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Reproductive
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand white, mature, 3-4 Kg
Boulet, A. and Fortier, M.
Preparation and Characterization of Rabbit Myometrial Cells in Primary Culture: Influence of Estradiol and Progesterone Treatment ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 23 , 93 , 1987
Cells
Myometrial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.0375%
Medium
HBSS
Reproductive
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand white estrous, female, 4-5 months
Nicosia, S. , Johnson, J. and Streibel, E.
Isolation and Ultrastructure of Rabbit Ovarian Mesothelium(Surface Epithelium) ,
Int J Gynecol Pathol
 3 , 348 , 1984
Cells
Mesothelial and surface epithelial
Ovaries
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.125%-0.5%
Medium
Medium 199
Reproductive
Rat
Rat
Jiang, H. , Zhang, Y. , Tian, K. , Wang, B. and Han, S.
Amelioration of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Through Transplantation of Placental Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ,
Sci Rep
 7 , 41837 , 2017
Cells
Placental mesenchymal
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
File
11560.pdf (5.94 MB)
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, SD, adult, male, 8 - 10 week
Abou-Haila, A. and Tulsiani, D.
Acid Glycohydrolases in Rat Spermatocytes, Spermatids and Spermatozoa: Enzyme Activities, Biosynthesis and Immunolocalization ,
Biol Proced Online
 3 (1) , 35 , 2001
Cells
Seminiferous tubules
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer
(see reference)
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, Han-Wistar, adult, male, 250 g
Leckie, C. , Welberg, L. and Seckl, J.
11B-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase is a Predominant Reductase in Intact Rat Leydig Cells ,
J Endocrinol
 159 , 233 , 1998
Cells
Testes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Medium 199 w/ Hank's salts
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, SD, female, immature, 26 day
(also rat, pregnant and pseudopregnant)
Tellieria, C. , Ou, J. , Sugino, N. , Ferguson, S. and Gibori, G.
The Expression of Interleukin-6 in the Pregnant Rat Corpus Luteum and Its Regulation by Progesterone and Glucocorticoid ,
Endocrinology
 139 (8) , 3597 , 1998
Cells
Corpus luteum
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 2.4 u/ml Deoxyribonuclease: 200u/ml
Medium
Serum-free medium
(see reference)
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, SD, male
Abayasekara, D. , Kurlak, L. , Band, A. , Sullivan, M. and Cooke, B.
Effect of Cell Purity, Cell Concentration, and Incubation Conditions on Rat Testis Leydig Cell Steroidogenesis ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 27 , 253 , 1991
Cells
Leydig
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.02%
Medium
DMEM
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Branham, W. , Lyn-Cook, B. , Andrews, A. , McDaniel, M. and Sheehan, D.
Growth of Neonatal Rat Uterine Luminal Epithelium on Extracellular Matrix ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 27 , 442 , 1991
Cells
Uterine
Enzymes
Trypsin : 1%
Medium
HBSS
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, Wistar, adult
Pampfer, S. , Vanderheyden, I. , Michiels, B. and DeHertogh, R.
Co-Culture of Two-Cell Rat Embryos on Cell Monolayers ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 26 , 944 , 1990
Cells
Uterine
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.5%
Medium
PBS
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, SD, female
Glasser, S. , Julian, J. , Decker, G. , Tang, J. and Carson, D.
Development of Morphological and Functional Polarity in Primary Cultures of Immature Rat Uterine Epithelial Cells ,
J Cell Biol
 107 (6) , 2409 , 1988
Cells
Luminal epithelial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.5%
Medium
HBSS
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, male, 20 day
Skinner, M. , Fetterolf, P. and Anthony, C.
Purification of a Paracrine Factor, P-Mod-S,Produced by Testicular Peritubular Cells That Modulates Sertoli Cell Function ,
J Biol Chem
 263 , 2884 , 1988
Cells
Sertoli
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.15%
Medium
(see reference)
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, Wistar, virgin, female, 250 g
Conti, C. and Tasat, D.
Regulation of Cultured Rat Vaginal Epithelial Cells By 17B-Estradiol and Progesterone ,
J Steroid Biochem
 24 (3) , 747 , 1986
Cells
Vaginal epithelial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.5%
Medium
PBS
Reproductive
Rat
Rat, SD, male, 10 day
Hadley, M. , Byers, S. , Suarez-Quian, C. , Kleinman, H. and Dym, M.
Extracellular Matrix Regulates Seratoli Cell Differentiation, Testicular Cord Formation and germ cell development in vitro ,
J Cell Biol
 101 , 1511 , 1985
Cells
Sertoli
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.025%
Medium
DMEM
Skin
Canine
Canine
Zheng, Y. , Nace, A. , Chen, W. , Watkins, K. , Sergott, L. , Homan, Y. , Vandeberg, J. , Breen, M. and Stenn, K.
Mature Hair Follicles Generated from Dissociated Cells: A Universal Mechanism of Folliculoneogenesis. ,
Dev Dyn
 239 , 2619-26 , 2010
Cells
Epidermal
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.35%
Medium
DMEM
File
10863.pdf (831.22 KB)
Skin
Frog
Frog
Nishikawa, A. , Shimizu-Nishikawa, K. and Miler, L.
Isolation, characterization, and in vitro culture of larval and adult epidermal cells of the frog Xenopus laevis ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 26 , 1128 , 1990
Cells
Epidermal
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.18%
Medium
Barth's solution, CMF
Skin
Goat
Goat
Deng, Y. , Hu, J. and Athanasiou, K.
Isolation and Chondroinduction of a Dermis-Isolated, Aggrecan-Sensitive Subpopulation with High Chondrogenic Potential. ,
Arthritis Rheum
 56 , 168 , 2007
Cells
Dermis isolated aggrecan sensitive
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
File
11049.pdf (222.21 KB)
Skin
Human

Human

Burja, B. , Paul, D. , Tastanova, A. , Edalat, S. , Gerber, R. , Houtman, M. , Elhai, M. , Bürki, K. , Staeger, R. , Restivo, G. , Lang, R. , Sodin-Semrl, S. , Lakota, K. , Tomšič, M. , Levesque, M. , Distler, O. , Rotar, �. , Robinson, M. and Frank-Bertoncelj, M.
An Optimized Tissue Dissociation Protocol for Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis of Fresh and Cultured Human Skin Biopsies. , Front Cell Dev Biol Vol. 10 , 872688 , 2022
Cells
Skin
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 2.4 u/ml
Collagenase Type 4 : 1,000 u/ml
Medium
RPMI
File
Burja.2022.pdf (422.44 KB)
Skin
Human
Human
Botting, Ra. , Bertram, K. , Baharlou, H. , Sandgren, K. , Fletcher, J. , Rhodes, J. , Rana, H. , Plasto, T. , Wang, X. , Lim, J. , Barnouti, L. , Kohout, M. , Papadopoulos, T. , Merten, S. , Olbourne, N. and Cunningham, A.
Phenotypic and Functional Consequences of Different Isolation Protocols on Skin Mononuclear Phagocytes. ,
J Leukoc Biol
 101 , 1393-1403 , 2017
Cells
Mononuclear phagocytes
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 1 u/ml
Collagenase : 200 u/ml
Trypsin : 0.5%
Medium
RPMI-1640
File
11683.pdf (1.63 MB)
Skin
Human
Human
Chen, Z. , Wang, X. , Jin, T. , Wang, Y. , Hong, C. , Tan, L. , Dai, T. , Wu, L. , Zhuang, Z. and Shi, C.
Increase in the Radioresistance of Normal Skin Fibroblasts but not Tumor Cells by Mechanical Injury. ,
Cell Death Dis
 8 , e2573 , 2017
Cells
Fibroblasts
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
File
11537.pdf (4.71 MB)
Skin
Human
Human
Cheuk, S. , Wiken, M. , Blomqvist, L. , Nylen, S. , Talme, T. and Stahle, M.and Eidsmo, L.
Epidermal Th22 and Tc17 Cells Form a Localized Disease Memory in Clinically Healed Psoriasis. ,
J Immunol
 192 , 3111 , 2014
Cells
Skin
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI 1640
File
11048.pdf (2.53 MB)
Skin
Human
Human
Cerny, D. , Haniffa, M. , Shin, A. , Bigliardi, P. , Tan, B. , Lee, B. , Poidinger, M. , Tan, E. , Ginhoux, F. and Fink, K.
Selective Susceptibility of Human Skin Antigen Presenting Cells to Productive Dengue Virus Infection. ,
PLoS Pathog
 10 , e1004548 , 2014
Cells
Skin
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI
File
11796.pdf (2.39 MB)
Skin
Human
Human, adult
Nagel, S. , Rohr, F. , Weber, C. , Kier, J. , Siemers, F. , Kruse, C. , Danner, S. , Brandenburger, M. and Matthiessen, A.
Multipotent Nestin-Positive Stem Cells Reside in the Stroma of Human Eccrine and Apocrine Sweat Glands and can be Propagated Robustly In Vitro. ,
PLoS ONE
 8 , e78365 , 2013
Cells
Epidermal stem cells
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 2 u/ml
Trypsin : 2.5%
Medium
DMEM
File
11024.pdf (2.66 MB)
Skin
Human
Human, female, 18-66 yr
Huschtscha, L. , Napier, C. , Noble, J. , Bower, K. , Au, A. , Campbell, H. , Braithwaite, A. and Reddel, R.
Enhanced Isolation of Fibroblasts From Human Skin Explants. ,
Biotechniques
 53 , 239 , 2012
Cells
Fibroblasts
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Medium
DMEM
File
10935.pdf (2.25 MB)
Skin
Human
Human
Carriel, V. , Garzon, I. , Jimenez, J. , Oliveira, A. , Arias-Santiago, S. , Campos, A. , Sanchez-Quevedo, M. and Alaminos, M.
Epithelial and Stromal Developmental Patterns in a Novel Substitute of the Human Skin Generated with Fibrin-Agarose Biomaterials. ,
Cells Tissues Organs
 196 , 1-12 , 2012
Cells
Fibroblasts and keratinocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
File
11628.pdf (2.58 MB)
Skin
Human
Human
Zheng, Y. , Nace, A. , Chen, W. , Watkins, K. , Sergott, L. , Homan, Y. , Vandeberg, J. , Breen, M. and Stenn, K.
Mature Hair Follicles Generated from Dissociated Cells: A Universal Mechanism of Folliculoneogenesis. ,
Dev Dyn
 239 , 2619-26 , 2010
Cells
Epidermal
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.35%
Medium
DMEM
File
10863.pdf (831.22 KB)
Skin
Human
Human
Zhang, Q. , Yamaza, T. , Kelly, AP, Shi, S. , Wang, S. , Brown, J. , Wang, L. , French, S. , Shi, S. and Le, A.
Tumor-like Stem Cells Derived from Human Keloid are Governed by the Inflammatory Niche Driven by IL-17/IL-6 Axis. ,
PLoS ONE
 4 , e7798 , 2009
Cells
Skin and keloid progenitor
Enzymes
Medium
PBS
File
10991.pdf (1.12 MB)

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.