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Tissue References Search Tool

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Adipose/Fat
Rat
Rat, SD, various weights and ages
Woodward, Julie A. and Saggerson, E.
Effect of Adenosine Deaminase, N6-Phenylisopropyladenosine and Hypothroidism on the Responsiveness of Rat Brown Adipocytes to Noradrenaline ,
Biochem J
 238 , 395 , 1986
Cells
Brown adipocytes
Interscapular & cervical depots
Enzymes
Medium
Krebs Ringer bicarbonate buffer
Cartilage
Human
Human, 52-82 years
Pallu, S. , Francin, P. , Guillaume, C. , Gegout-Pottie, P. , Netter, P. , Mainard, D. , Terlain, B. and Presle, N.
Obesity Affects the Chondrocyte Responsiveness to Leptin in Patients with Osteoarthritis. ,
Arthritis Res Ther
 12 , R112 , 2010
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.15%
Medium
DMEM/F12
Cartilage
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 1.2-1.4 kg
Ju, X. , Deng, M. , Ao, Y. , Yu, C. , Wang, J. , Yu, J. , Cui, G. and Hu, Y.
Protective Effect of Sinomenine on Cartilage Degradation and Chondrocytes Apoptosis. ,
Yakugaku Zasshi
 130 , 1053-60 , 2010
Cells
Chondrocytes
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.2%
Medium
DMEM
Colon
Rat
Rat, adult
Somara, S. , Bashllari, D. , Gilmont, R. and Bitar, K.
Real-Time Dynamic Movement of Caveolin-1 During Smooth Muscle Contraction of Human Colon and Aged Rat Colon Transfected with Caveolin-1 cDNA. ,
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
 300 , G1022 , 2011
Cells
Colon smooth muscle
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Endothelial
Bovine
Bovine
Yu, M. , McAndrew, R. , Al-Saghir, R. , Maier, K. , Medhora, M. , Roman, R. and Jacobs, E.
Nitric Oxide Contributes to 20-HETE-Induced Relaxation of Pulmonary Arteries. ,
J Appl Physiol
 93 , 1391 , 2002
Cells
Pulmonary artery endothelial and smooth muscle cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.04-0.05%
Medium
RPMI-1640
Endothelial
Rat
Rat, SD, male, 250-300 g
Schwertschlag, U.S. and Whorton, A.R.
Platelet-Activating Factor-Induced Homologous and Heterologous Desensitization In Cultured Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ,
J Biol Chem
 263 , 13791 , 1988
Cells
Smooth muscle, aorta
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS with 0.2 mM Ca++
Endothelial
Rat
Rat, Wistar, male, 3 mo
Nagelkenke, J. , Barto, K. and VanBerkel, T.
In vivo and in vitro uptake and degradation of acetylated low density lipoprotein by rat liver endothelial, Kupffer, and parenchymal cells ,
J Biol Chem
 258 , 12221 , 1983
Cells
Endothelial
Kupffer
Parenchymal
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.05%
Pronase : 0.25%
Medium
HBSS
Epithelial
Canine
Dog
Virmani, A. , Naziruddin, B. , Desai, V. , Lowry, J. , Graves, D. and Sachdev, G.
Evidence for Secretion of High Molecular Weight Mucins by Canine Tracheal Epithelial Cells in Primary Culture: Effects of Select Secretagogues on Mucin Secretion ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 28A , 120 , 1992
Cells
Tracheal
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.1%
Medium
DMEM
Epithelial
Hamster
Hamster, Syrian gold, male, 100-120 g
Niles,R. , Kim, K.C. , Hyman, B. , Christensen, T. , Wasano, K. and Brody, J.
Characterization Of Extended Primary And Secondary Cultures Of Hamster Tracheal Epithelial Cells ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 24 , 457 , 1988
Cells
Tracheal
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.1%
Medium
MEM with Hepes, CMF
Epithelial
Human
Human
Smoot, D. , Sewchand, J. , Young, K. , Desbrodes, B. , Allen, C. and Naab, T.
A Method for Establishing Primary Cultures of Human Gastric Epithelial Cells ,
Meth Cell Sci
 22 , 133 , 2000
Cells
Gastric epithelial cells
Enzymes
Medium
L-15
Epithelial
Human
Human
Gruenert, D.C. , Basbaum, C.B. and Widdicombe, J.H.
Long-Term Culture of Normal and Cystic Fibrosis Epithelial Cells Grown Under Serum-Free Conditions ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 26 , 411 , 1990
Cells
Epithelial
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.1%
Medium
PBS
Epithelial
Mouse
Mouse, male, 8-16 week
Breggia, A. and Himmelfarb, J.
Primary Mouse Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells have Variable Injury Tolerance to Ischemic and Chemical Mediators of Oxidative Stress. ,
Oxid Med Cell Longev
 1 , 33 , 2008
Cells
Renal tubular epithelial
Enzymes
Collagenase : 200 u/ml
Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor : see reference
Medium
HBSS
Epithelial
Rat
Rat, SD, male, 150 - 250 g
Dial, E. , Kao, Y. and Lichtenberger, L.
Effects of 16,16-Dimethyl Prostaglandin E2 On Glycoprotein And Lipid Synthesis of Gastric Epithelial Cells Grown in a Primary Culture ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 27 , 39 , 1991
Cells
Epithelial
Stomach
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.15%
Medium
Medium 199
Epithelial
Rat
Rat, Fisher 344, male, 8 wks old,
250-300 g
Chang, L. , Wu, R. and Nettesheim, P.
Morphological Changes in Rat Tracheal Cells During The Adaptive and Early Growth Phase in Primary Cell Culture ,
J Cell Sci
 74 , 283 , 1985
Cells
Tracheal epithelial
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.5%
Medium
DMEM
Eye
Bovine
Bovine
Terlizzi, V. , Kolibabka, M. , Burgess, J. , Hammes, H. and Harmsen, M.
The Pericytic Phenotype of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Is Promoted by NOTCH2. ,
Stem Cells
 36 , 240-251 , 2018
Cells
Retinal endothelial
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.02%
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Mouse
Mouse, 3-7 month
Bradshaw AD, Francki A, Motamed K, Howe C, Sage EH.
Primary mesenchymal cells isolated from SPARC-null mice exhibit altered morphology and rates of proliferation ,
Mol Biol Cell
 10 , 1569-79 , 1999
Cells
Fibroblasts, mesangial, smooth muscle
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Collagenase : see reference
Medium
DMEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, 8-10 week
Lee, J. , Ha, J. and Leem, C.
A Novel Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Correction Method for Mitochondrial Ca(2+) Measurement with FURA-2-FF in Single Permeabilized Ventricular Myocytes of Rat. ,
Korean J Physiol Pharmacol
 19 , 373-82 , 2015
Cells
Ventricular myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.08%
Pronase : 0.004%
Medium
Tyrode's Solution
Intestine
Human
Human
Stallmach A, Schaffer F, Hoffmann S, Weber S, Muller-Molaian I, Schneider T, Kohne G, Ecker KW, Feifel G, Zeitz M.
Increased state of activation of CD4 positive T cells and elevated interferon gamma production in pouchitis ,
Gut
 43 , 499-505 , 1998
Cells
Mucosal mononuclear cells
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI
Kidney
Mouse

Mouse

Comeau, K. , Caillon, A. , Paradis, P. and Schiffrin, E.
Determination of Interleukin-17A and Interferon-γ Production in γδ, CD4, and CD8 T Cells Isolated from Murine Lymphoid Organs, Perivascular Adipose Tissue, Kidney, and Lung. ,
Bio Protoc
 13 , e4679 , 2023
Cells
T cells
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI
Kidney
Mouse
Mouse, male, 8-16 week
Breggia, A. and Himmelfarb, J.
Primary Mouse Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells have Variable Injury Tolerance to Ischemic and Chemical Mediators of Oxidative Stress. ,
Oxid Med Cell Longev
 1 , 33 , 2008
Cells
Renal tubular epithelial
Enzymes
Collagenase : 200 u/ml
Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor : see reference
Medium
HBSS
Kidney
Mouse
Mouse, male, 12-16 week
Cunningham, R. , Xiaofei, E. , Steplock, D. , Shenolikar, S. and Weinman, E.
Defective PTH Regulation of Sodium-Dependent Phosphate Transport in NHERF-1-/- Renal Proximal Tubule Cells and Wild-Type Cells Adapted to Low-Phosphate Media. ,
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
 289 , F933 , 2005
Cells
Renal proximal tubule cells
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Kidney
Mouse
Mouse, 3-7 month
Bradshaw AD, Francki A, Motamed K, Howe C, Sage EH.
Primary mesenchymal cells isolated from SPARC-null mice exhibit altered morphology and rates of proliferation ,
Mol Biol Cell
 10 , 1569-79 , 1999
Cells
Fibroblasts, mesangial, smooth muscle
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Collagenase : see reference
Medium
DMEM
Kidney
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand
Taub, M.
Primary Kidney Proximal Tubule Cells. ,
Methods Mol Biol
 290 , 231 , 2005
Cells
Proximal tubule cells
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Kidney
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand white, male, 1.5 - 2.0 Kg
Naray-Fejes-Toth, A. and Fejes-Toth, G.
Immunoelection and Culture of Cortical Collecting Duct Cells ,
J Tiss Cul Meth
 13 , 179 , 1991
Cells
Duct
Enzymes
Medium
Hank's Solution with calcium and HEPES
Liver
Mouse
Mouse, 12 week
Mederacke, I. , Dapito, D. , Affo, S. , Uchinami, H. and Schwabe, R.
High-Yield and High-Purity Isolation of Hepatic Stellate Cells from Normal and Fibrotic Mouse Livers. ,
Nat Protoc
 10 , 305-15 , 2015
Cells
Hepatic stellate
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.04%
Medium
DMEM
Liver
Mouse
Mouse
Rountree, C. , Ding, W. , Dang, H. , Vankirk, C. and Crooks, G.
Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion. ,
J Vis Exp
 56 , e3183 , 2011
Cells
CD133+ stem
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.05%
Medium
DMEM/F12
Liver
Rat
Rat, SD
Handy, J. , Saxena, N. , Fu, P. , Lin, S. , Mells, J. , Gupta, N. and Anania, F.
Adiponectin Activation of AMPK Disrupts Leptin-Mediated Hepatic Fibrosis via Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS-3). ,
J Cell Biochem
 110 , 1195 , 2010
Cells
Hepatic stellate cells
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.02%
Collagenase : see reference
Medium
Medium 199
Liver
Rat
Rat, Wistar, female
Zvibel, I. , Atias, D. , Phillips, A. , Halpern, Z. and Oren, R.
Thyroid Hormones Induce Activation of Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells Through Increased Expression of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor and Direct Activation of Rho. ,
Lab Invest
 90 , 674 , 2010
Cells
Hepatic stellate cells
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 0.025-0.1%
Pronase : 0.025-0.13%
Medium
DMEM
Liver
Rat
Rat, SD, 500-750 g
Li, Z. , Dranoff, J. , Chan, E. , Uemura, M. and Sevigny, J.and Wells, R.
Transforming Growth Factor-beta and Substrate Stiffness Regulate Portal Fibroblast Activation in Culture. ,
Hepatol
 46 , 1246-56 , 2007
Cells
Portal fibroblasts
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.03%
Pronase : 0.033%
Hyaluronidase : 0.036%
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Liver
Rat
Rat, adult
Jensen C. , Jauho E. , Santoni-Rugiu E. , Holmskov U. , Teisner B. , Tygstrup N. and Bisgaard H.
Transit-amplifying Ductular (oval) Cells and Their Hepatocytic Progeny are Characterized by a Novel and Distinctive Expression of Delta-like Protein/preadipocyte Factor 1/fetal Antigen 1 ,
Am J Pathol
 164(4) , 1347 , 2004
Cells
Hepatocytes
Enzymes
Pronase : 1%
Medium
Williams E
Liver
Rat
Rat, CD strain, albino, male, 140 -180 g
Braun, L. , Mead, J. , Panzica, M. , Mikumo, R. , Bell, G. and Fausto, N.
Transforming Growth Factor B mRNA Increases During Liver Regeneration:A Possible Paracrine Mechanism Of Growth Regulation ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 85 , 1539 , 1988
Cells
Hepatocytes and Nonparenchymal
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.1%
Medium
HEPES buffer with calcium
Liver
Rat
Rat, Wistar, male, 3 month old
Nagelkenke, J. , Barto, K. and VanBerkel, T.
In vivo and in vitro uptake and degradation of acetylated low density lipoprotein by rat liver endothelial, Kupffer, and parenchymal cells ,
J Biol Chem
 258 , 12221 , 1983
Cells
Endothelial
Kupffer
Parenchymal
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.05%
Pronase : 0.25%
Medium
HBSS
Lung
Mouse

Mouse

Comeau, K. , Caillon, A. , Paradis, P. and Schiffrin, E.
Determination of Interleukin-17A and Interferon-γ Production in γδ, CD4, and CD8 T Cells Isolated from Murine Lymphoid Organs, Perivascular Adipose Tissue, Kidney, and Lung. ,
Bio Protoc
 13 , e4679 , 2023
Cells
T cells
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI
Lung
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, white, male, 1.7 Kg
Gould, M. , Clements, J. , Jones, A. and Felts, J.
Dispersal of Rabbit Lung into Individual Viable Cells: A New Model for the Study of Lung Metabolism ,
Science
 178 , 1209 , 1972
Cells
Lung
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.2%
Medium
Kreb's serum substitute solution, CMF
Mammary
Mouse
Mouse
Boulanger CA, Smith GH.
Reducing mammary cancer risk through premature stem cell senescence ,
Oncogene
 20 , 2264-72 , 2001
Cells
Mammary epithelial stem
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : 0.1%
Pronase : 1.25%
Medium
DMEM
Mammary
Mouse
Mouse (BALB/cCrgl), mature
Bandyopadhyay, G. , Imagawa, W. , Wallace, D. and Nandi, S.
Proliferative effects of insulin and epidermal growth factor on mouse mammary epithelial cells in primary culture ,
J Biol Chem
 263 , 7567 , 1988
Cells
Epithelial
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.01%
Medium
Hepes buffered medium 199

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.