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Tissue References Search Tool

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Stem
Rat
Rat, postnatal, adult
Kruger, G. , Mosher, J. , Bixby, S. , Joseph, N. , Iwashita, T. and Morrison, S.
Neural Crest Stem Cells Persist in the Adult Gut but Undergo Changes in Self-Renewal, Neuronal Subtype Potential, and Factor Responsiveness. ,
Neuron
 35 , 657 , 2002
Cells
Gut neural crest stem
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.025%
Medium
HBSS
Stem
Rat
Rat, SD, embyronic
Bixby, S. , Kruger, G. , Mosher, J. , Joseph, N. and Morrison, S.
Cell-Intrinsic Differences Between Stem Cells from Different Regions of the Peripheral Nervous System Regulate the Generation of Neural Diversity. ,
Neuron
 35 , 643 , 2002
Cells
Sciatic nerve and gut neural crest stem
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.005%
Medium
HBSS
Stem
Rat
Rat, adult
Palmer, T. , Markakis, E. , Willhoite, A. , Safar, F. and Gage, F.
Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Activates a Latent Neurogenic Program in Neural Stem Cells from Diverse Regions of the Adult CNS ,
J Neurosci
 19 , 8487 , 1999
Cells
Neural stem cells
Enzymes
Papain : 2.5 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 250 u/ml
Neutral Protease : 1 u/ml
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Stem
Rat
Rat
Ray, J. and Gage, F.
Neural Stem Cell Isolation, Characterization and Transplantation , Modern Techniques in Neuroscience Research , Johansson, H. and Windhorst, U. , Springer-Verlag New York , 339 , 1999
Cells
Central nervous system stem cells
Enzymes
Papain : 0.01%
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Stem
Rat
Rat (also mice)
Johansson, C. , Momma, S. , Clarke, D. , Risling, M. , Lendahl, U. and Frisen, J
Identification of a Neural Stem Cell in the Adult Mammalian Central Nervous System ,
Cell
 96 , 25 , 1999
Cells
Spinal cord
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.133%
Medium
HBSS and PIPES
Stem
Rat
Rat, SD
Morrison, S. , White, P. , Zock, C. and Anderson, D.
Prospective Identification, Isolation by Flow Cytometry, and In Vivo Self-Renewal of Multipotent Mammalian Neural Crest Stem Cells ,
Cell
 96 , 737 , 1999
Cells
Sciatic nerves
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.025%
Medium
L-15 medium
(see reference)
Thymus
Mouse
Mouse
Rode, I. and Boehm, T.
Regenerative Capacity of Adult Cortical Thymic Epithelial Cells. ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 109 , 3463-8 , 2012
Cells
Thymic stromal
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI-1640
Thymus
Mouse
Mouse (BALB/c, C3H, C57BL/6), 1-28 day
Ropke, C. , van Deurs, B. and Petersen, O.
Short-term Cultivation of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells in a Serum-Free Medium ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 26 , 671 , 1990
Cells
Epithelial, thymus
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 1.5 µg/ml
Medium
DMEM
Thymus
Rat
Rat, postnatal
Bonfanti, P. , Claudinot, S. , Amici, A. , Farley, A. , Blackburn, C. and Barrandon, Y.
Microenvironmental Reprogramming of Thymic Epithelial Cells to Skin Multipotent Stem Cells. ,
Nature
 466 , 978 , 2010
Cells
Thymic
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
HBSS
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Bovine
Bovine
(also porcine)
Tong, W.
The Isolation and Culture of Thyroid Cells ,
Meth Enzymol
 32 , 745 , 1974
Cells
Thyroid
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.004%
Medium
EBSS
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Human

Human

Yi, S. , Kim, H. , Koo, B. , Lee, S. , Choi, J. and Kang, Y.
Efficient Dissociation Protocol for Generation of Single Cell Suspension from Human Thyroid Tissue for Single Cell RNA Sequencing. , Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) Vol. 37 , 698-700 , 2022
Cells
Thyroid normal and tumor
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.125%
Collagenase Type 4 : 300 u/ml
Medium
RPMI-1640
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Human
Human
Gianoukakis, A. , Cao, H. , Jennings, T. and Smith, T.
Prostaglandin Endoperoxide H Synthase Expression in Human Thyroid Epithelial Cells. ,
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
 280 , C701 , 2001
Cells
Thyrocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 130 u/ml
Neutral Protease : 0.5 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Human
Human
Howie, A. , Walker, S. , Akesson, B. , Arthur, J. and Beckett, G.
Thyroidal Extracellular Glutathione Peroxidase: A Potential Regulator of Thyroid-Hormone Synthesis. ,
Biochem J
 308 ( Pt 3) , 713 , 1995
Cells
Thyrocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Collagenase : 0.1%
Medium
EBSS
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Mouse
Mouse, 6 week
Martin, A. , Coronel, E. , Sano, G. , Chen, S. , Vassileva, G. , Canasto-Chibuque, C. , Sedgwick, J. , Frenette, P. , Lipp, M. , Furtado, G. and Lira, S.
A Novel Model for Lymphocytic Infiltration of the Thyroid Gland Generated by Transgenic Expression of the CC Chemokine CCL21. ,
J Immunol
 173 , 4791 , 2004
Cells
Thyroid
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 0.0012 u/ml
Collagenase Type 2 : 0.25 u/ml
Medium
RPMI 1640
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Porcine
Porcine
(also bovine)
Tong, W.
The Isolation and Culture of Thyroid Cells ,
Meth Enzymol
 32 , 745 , 1974
Cells
Thyroid
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.004%
Medium
EBSS
Tumor
Hamster
Hamster, 6 week old
Min, B. , Kim, K. , Cherrick, H. and Park, N.
Three Cell Lines from Hamster Buccal Pouch Tumors Induced by Topical 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)Anthracene, Alone or in Conjunction with Herpes Simplex Virus Inoculation ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 27A , 128 , 1991
Cells
Buccal pouch
Enzymes
Medium
CMF HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Ayuso, J. , Vitek, R. , Swick, A. , Skala, M. , Wisinski, K. , Kimple, R. , Lambert, P. and Beebe, D.
Effects of Culture Method on Response to EGFR Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells ,
Sci Rep
 9 , 12480 , 2019
Cells
Fibroblasts
Enzymes
Medium
FM Fibroblast media
Tumor
Human
Human
Jiang, C. , Zhang, Q. , Shanti, R. , Shi, S. , Chang, T. , Carrasco, L. , Alawi, F. and Le, A.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Interleukin-6 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Acquisition of Epithelial Stem-Like Cell Properties in Ameloblastoma Epithelial Cells. ,
Stem Cells
 35 , 2083-2094 , 2017
Cells
Ameloblastoma epithelial
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.1%
Neutral Protease : 50 u/ml
Medium
MEM
Tumor
Human
Human, 25-81 yr
Volovitz, I, Shapira, N. , Ezer, H. , Gafni, A. , Lustgarten, M. , Alter, T. , Ben-Horin, I. , Barzilai, O. , Shahar, T. , Kanner, A. , Fried, I. , Veshchev, I. , Grossman, R. and Ram, Z,
A Non-Aggressive, Highly Efficient, Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Human Brain-Tumors and Brain-Tissues to Viable Single-Cells. ,
BMC Neurosci
 17 , 30 , 2016
Cells
Brain tumor
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 0.11 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 1,000 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Ali, M. , Anand, S. , Tangella, K. , Ramkumar, D. and Saif, T.
Isolation of Primary Human Colon Tumor Cells from Surgical Tissues and Culturing Them Directly on Soft Elastic Substrates for Traction Cytometry. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e52532 , 2015
Cells
Colon
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Collagenase : 0.1%
Medium
HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Hasselbach, L. , Irtenkauf, S. , Lemke, N. , Nelson, K. , Berezovsky, A. , Carlton, E. , Transou, A. , Mikkelsen, T. and deCarvalho, A.
Optimization of High Grade Glioma Cell Culture from Surgical Specimens for Use in Clinically Relevant Animal Models and 3D Immunochemistry. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e51088 , 2014
Cells
Glioblastoma tumor
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.025%
Collagenase Type 4 : 500 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Dobbin, Z. and Landen, C.
Isolation and Characterization of Potential Cancer Stem Cells from Solid Human Tumors--Potential Applications. ,
Curr Protoc Pharmacol
 63 , Unit 14.28. , 2013
Cells
Cancer stem
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Collagenase : 0.05%
Hyaluronidase : 0.005%
Medium
RPMI
Tumor
Human
Human
Hussein, D. , Punjaruk, W. , Storer, L. , Shaw, L. , Othman, R. , Ottoman, R. , Peet, A. , Miller, S. , Bandopadhyay, G. , Heath, R. , Kumari, R. , Bowman, K. , Braker, P. , Rahman, R. , Jones, G. , Watson, S. and Lowe, J.
Pediatric Brain Tumor Cancer Stem Cells: Cell Cycle Dynamics, DNA Repair, and Etoposide Extrusion. ,
Neuro Oncol
 13 , 70-83 , 2011
Cells
Brain tumor
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12
Tumor
Human
Human
Quintana, E. , Shackleton, M. , Foster, H. , Fullen, D. , Sabel, M. , Johnson, T. and Morrison, S.
Phenotypic Heterogeneity Among Tumorigenic Melanoma Cells from Patients that is Reversible and Not Hierarchically Organized. ,
Cancer Cell
 18 , 510 , 2010
Cells
Tumorigenic melanoma
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 200 u/ml
Trypsin : 0.05%
Deoxyribonuclease I : 50-100 u/ml
Medium
PBS
Tumor
Human
Human
MacLeod, R.
Rapid Monolayer Primary Cell Culture from Tissue Biopsy , Cell & Tissue Culture: Laboratory Procedures Vol. 1 , Doyle, A., Griffiths, J., and Newell, D. , John Wiley and Sons Ltd , 3E:2.1 , 1995
Cells
Epithelial, fibroblasts
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
Ham's F-12
Tumor
Human
Human
Boyd, J. , Rinehart Jr. , Walton, L. , Siegal, G. and Kaufman, D.
Ultrastructural Characterization of Two New Human Endometrial Carcinoma Cell Lines and Normal Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells Cultured on Extracellular Matrix ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 26 , 701 , 1990
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/Ham's F-12
Tumor
Human
Human, 9-74 year
Sheela S, Riccardi VM, Ratner N.
Angiogenic and invasive properties of neurofibroma Schwann cells ,
J Cell Biol
 111 , 645-53 , 1990
Cells
Neurofibroma
Enzymes
Medium
L-15
Tumor
Human
Human
Sacks, P. , Parnes, S. , Gallick, G. , Mansouri, Z. , Lichtner, R. , Satya-Prakash, K. , Pathak, S. and Parsons, D.
Establishment and Characterization of Two New Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Derived from Tumors of the Head and Neck ,
Cancer Res
 48 , 2858 , 1988
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
DMEM
Tumor
Human
Human
Brattain, M. , Marks, M. , McCombs, J. , Finely, W. and Brattain, D.
Characterization of Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines Isolated From a Single Primary Tumour ,
Br J Cancer
 47 , 373 , 1983
Cells
Tumor, colon
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
McCoy's
Tumor
Mouse
Mouse
Aguilera, T. , Rafat, M. , Castellini, L. , Shehade, H. , Kariolis, M. , Hui, A. , Stehr, H. , von Eyben, R. , Jiang, D. , Ellies, L. , Koong, A. , Diehn, M. , Rankin, E. Graves, E. and Giaccia, A.
Reprogramming the Immunological Microenvironment through Radiation and Targeting Axl. ,
Nat Commun
 7 , 13898 , 2016
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.1%
Neutral Protease : 0.5 u/ml
Medium
F12K
Tumor
Mouse
Mouse
Filtjens, J. , Keirsse, J. , Van Ammel, E. , Taveirne, S. , Van Acker, A. , Kerre, T. , Taghon, T. , Vandekerckhove, B. , Plum, J. , Van Ginderachter, J. and Leclercq, G.
Expression of the Inhibitory Ly49E Receptor is Not Critically Involved in the Immune Response Against Cutaneous, Pulmonary or Liver tumours. ,
Sci Rep
 6 , 30564 , 2016
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI-1640
Tumor
Mouse
Mouse
Blanco, S. , Bandiera, R. , Popis, M. , Hussain, S. , Lombard, P. , Aleksic, J. , Sajini, A. , Tanna, H. , Cortes-Garrido, R. , Gkatza, N. , Dietmann, S. and Frye, M.
Stem Cell Function and Stress Response are Controlled by Protein Synthesis. ,
Nature
 534 , 335-40 , 2016
Cells
Keratinocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Low calcium containing media
Tumor
Mouse
Mouse
Xiao, L. , McCann, J. and Dudley, A.
Isolation and Culture Expansion of Tumor-specific Endothelial Cells. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e53072 , 2015
Cells
Endothelial
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Tumor
Mouse
Mouse
Dunleavey, J. , Xiao, L. , Thompson, J. , Kim, M. , Shields, J. , Shelton, S. , Irvin, D. , Brings, V. , Ollila, D. , Brekken, R. , Dayton, P. , Melero-Martin, J. and Dudley, A.
Vascular Channels Formed by Subpopulations of PECAM1+ Melanoma Cells. ,
Nat Commun
 5 , 5200 , 2014
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Tumor
Mouse
Mouse
Chen, X. , Stewart, E. , Shelat, A. , Qu, C. , Bahrami, A. , Hatley, M. , Wu, G. , Bradley, C. , McEvoy, J. , Pappo, A. , Spunt, S. , Valentine, M. , Valentine, V. , Krafcik, F. , Lang, W. , Wierdl, M. and Tsurkan, L.
Targeting Oxidative Stress in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma. ,
Cancer Cell
 24 , 710-24 , 2013
Cells
Rhabdomycosarcoma tumor
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.012%
Medium
DMEM
Tumor
Mouse
Mouse
Vaughan, A. , Halbert, C. , Wootton, S. and Miller, A.
Lung Cancer in Mice Induced by the Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus Envelope Protein is not Maintained by Rare Cancer Stem Cells, but Tumorigenicity does Correlate with Wnt Pathway Activation. ,
Mol Cancer Res
 10 , 86 , 2012
Cells
Lung tumor
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 50 u/ml
Collagenase : 400 u/ml
Medium
DMEM

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.