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Liver
Porcine
Porcine, adult
Zhou X, Liu L, Kano J, Mukaiyama T. and Tokiwa T.
Isolation and Cultivation of Porcine Hepatocytes for Extracorporeal Artificial Liver Support System ,
Chin Med J
 114 , 946 , 2001
Cells
Hepatocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.05%
Medium
MEM
Liver
Porcine
Porcine, male, 6-40 kg
Gerlach, J. , Brombacher, J. , Smith, M. and Neuhaus, P.
High Yield Hepatocyte Isolation from Pig Livers for Investigation of Hybrid Liver Support Systems: Influence of Collagenase Concentration and Body Weight ,
J Surg Res
 62 (1) , 85 , 1996
Cells
Hepatocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.8%
Medium
PBS
Liver
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand white
Reese, J. and Byard, J.
Isolation And Culture of Adult Hepatocytes from Liver Biopsies ,
In Vitro
 17 , 935 , 1981
Cells
Hepatocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 90 u/ml
Medium
CF EGTA perfusate
Lung
Porcine
Swine fetuses (70 day), adult Amer Dutch 250 day
(also human fetuses, 80 day)
Hinz, R. and Syverton, J.
Mammalian Cell Cultures for Study of Influenza Virus. I. Preparation of Monolayer Cultures with Collagenase ,
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med
 101 , 19 , 1959
Cells
Lung
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.01%
Medium
HBSS
Lung
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, white
Scott, J.
The Role of Sera, Growth Factors, and Hormones in the In Vitro Production of Disaturated Phosphatidylcholine and Propagation of Undifferentiated Type II Alveolar Cells from the Fetal Rabbit Lung ,
Exp Lung Res
 12 , 181 , 1987
Cells
Alveolar type II
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
HBSS
Lung
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand white, adult,male
Finkelstein, J. , Maniscalco, W. and Shapiro, D.
Properties of Freshly Isolated Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells ,
Biochim Biophys Acta
 762 , 398 , 1983
Cells
Alveolar type II
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.0025%
Medium
Joklik's MEM
Lung
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, male, 2-3 kg
Devereux, T. and Fouts, J.
Isolation and Identification of Clara Cells From Rabbit Lung ,
In Vitro
 16 (11) , 958 , 1980
Cells
Clara cells
Enzymes
Protease : 0.1%
Medium
HEPES
Lung
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, white, male, 1.7 Kg
Gould, M. , Clements, J. , Jones, A. and Felts, J.
Dispersal of Rabbit Lung into Individual Viable Cells: A New Model for the Study of Lung Metabolism ,
Science
 178 , 1209 , 1972
Cells
Lung
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.2%
Medium
Kreb's serum substitute solution, CMF
Miscellaneous
Porcine
Porcine, 6 month
Kean, T. and Dennis, J.
Synoviocyte Derived-Extracellular Matrix Enhances Human Articular Chondrocyte Proliferation and Maintains Re-Differentiation Capacity at Both Low and Atmospheric Oxygen Tensions. ,
PLoS ONE
 10 , e0129961 , 2015
Cells
Synoviocytes
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : 660 u/ml
Trypsin : 0.25%
Collagenase Type 2 : 583 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Miscellaneous
Porcine
Porcine, <10 week
Potier, E. and Ito. K.
Can Notochordal Cells Promote Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Potential for Nucleus Pulposus Enrichment? A Simplified in Vitro System. ,
Tissue Eng Part A
 20 , 3241-51 , 2014
Cells
Nucleus pulposus
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.05%
Pronase : 0.3%
Medium
DMEM
Miscellaneous
Porcine
Porcine, various ages
Cho, H. , Park, S. , Lee, S. , Kang, M. , Hasty, K. and Kim, S.
Snapshot of Degenerative Aging of Porcine Intervertebral Disc: A Model to Unravel the Molecular Mechanisms. ,
Exp Mol Med
 43 , 334-40 , 2011
Cells
Nucleous pulposus and AF
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.05%
Collagenase : 0.2%
Medium
Modified F-12K
Miscellaneous
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, 8-10 week
Zhang, J. and Wang, J.
Characterization of Differential Properties of Rabbit Tendon Stem Cells and Tenocytes. ,
BMC Musculoskelet Disord
 11 , 10 , 2010
Cells
Tenocytes and tendon stem cells
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine, postnatal
Miersch, C. , Stange, K. and Rontgen, M.
Effects of Trypsinization and of a Combined Trypsin, Collagenase, and DNase Digestion on Liberation and in Vitro Function of Satellite Cells Isolated from Juvenile Porcine Muscles. ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim
 54 , 406-412 , 2018
Cells
Muscle satellite
Enzymes
Medium
Eagle MEM
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine, 2 month
Lewis, F. , Henning, B. , Marazzi, G. , Sassoon, D. , Ellison, G. and Nadal-Ginard, B.
Porcine Skeletal Muscle-Derived Multipotent PW1pos/Pax7neg Interstitial Cells: Isolation, Characterization, and Long-Term Culture. ,
Stem Cells Transl Med
 3 , 702-12 , 2014
Cells
Skeletal muscle
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine, male, 25-40 kg
Korzick, D. , Laughlin, M. and Bowles, D.
Alterations in PKC signaling underlie enhanced myogenic tone in exercise-trained porcine coronary resistance arteries ,
J Appl Physiol
 96 , 1425-32 , 2004
Cells
Coronary myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
low calcium physiological saline
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine, adult, 35-45 kg
Wamhoff BR, Dixon JL, Sturek M.
Atorvastatin treatment prevents alterations in coronary smooth muscle nuclear Ca2+ signaling in diabetic dyslipidemia ,
J Vasc Res
 39 , 208 , 2002
Cells
Arterial smooth muscle
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 294 u/ml
Elastase : 6.5 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 0.4 mg/ml
Medium
MEM
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine, Yorkshire, 30kg
Sirous ZN, Fleming JB, Khalil RA.
Endothelin-1 enhances eicosanoids-induced coronary smooth muscle contraction by activating specific protein kinase C isoforms ,
Hypertension
 37 , 497-504 , 2001
Cells
Coronary smooth muscle
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 150 u/ml
Elastase : 0.05%
Medium
HBSS
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine
Shieh CC, Feng J, Buckner SA, Brioni JD, Coghlan MJ, Sullivan JP, Gopalakrishnan M.
Functional implication of spare ATP-sensitive K(+) channels in bladder smooth muscle cells ,
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
 296 , 669-75 , 2001
Cells
Bladder smooth muscle
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 0.1-0.2%
Medium
Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine, juvenile, 30kg
Huckle WR, Drag MD, Acker WR, Powers M, McFall RC, Holder DJ, Fujita T, Stabilito II, Kim D, Ondeyka DL, Mantlo NB, Chang RS, Reilly CF, Schwartz RS, Greenlee WJ, Johnson RG.
Effects of subtype-selective and balanced angiotensin II receptor antagonists in a porcine coronary artery model of vascular restenosis ,
Circulation
 93 , 1009-19 , 1996
Cells
Coronary smooth muscle cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.3%
Elastase : 0.05%
Medium
HBSS
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine
Xiong, Yimin, Xu, Shangzhe. and Slakey, Linda L
Modulation of Response to Adenosine in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Cultured in Defined Medium ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 27 , 355 , 1991
Cells
Smooth muscle, aorta
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.3%
Medium
DMEM
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine
Breton, M. , Berrou, E. , Deudon, E. and Picard, J.
Changes in Proteoglycans of Cultured Pig Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells During Subculture ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 26 , 157 , 1990
Cells
Smooth muscle
Aorta
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
EDTA 0.02%
Muscle
Porcine
Porcine
Fehr, T. , Dickinson, E. , Goldman, S. and Slakey, L.
Cyclic AMP Efflux is Regulated by Occupancy of The Adenosine Receptor in Pig Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells ,
J Biol Chem
 265 , 10974 , 1990
Cells
Smooth muscle
Aortic medial tissue
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.30%
Medium
DMEM
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand
Al-Shboul, O. , Mahavadi, S. , Sriwai, W. , Grider, J. and Murthy, K.
Differential Expression of Multidrug Resistance Protein 5 and Phosphodiesterase 5 and Regulation of cGMP Levels in Phasic and Tonic Smooth Muscle. ,
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
 305 , G314-24 , 2013
Cells
Gastric smooth muscle
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand White
Croons Valerie, Martinet Wim, Herman Arnold G, Timmermans Jean-Pierre, De Meyer Guido R Y.
Selective clearance of macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide ,
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
 320 , 986-93 , 2007
Cells
Aortic smooth muscle
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 2 : 300 u/ml
Elastase : 5 u/ml
Medium
F10 Ham's
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand, male, 2.5-3.5 Kg
Santos, M. , Nguyen, B.. and Thompson, J.
Factors Affecting in Vitro Growth of Harvested Enterocytes ,
Cell Transplant
 1 , 299 , 1992
Cells
Enterocytes
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
RPMI 1640 w/ 1% fetal bovine serum
PBS
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit
(also rat, guinea-pig)
Hu, S. and Kim, H.
Activation of K+ Channel in Vascular Smooth Muscle by Cytochrome P-450 Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid ,
FASEB J
 6 , A383 , 1992
Cells
Smooth muscle
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Potassium buffer solution
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, adult, 1-2 kg
Benham, C. , Bolton, T. , Byrne, N. and Large, W.
Action of Extremely Applied Adenosine Triphosphate O Single Smooth Muscle Cells Dispersed From Rabbit Ear Artery ,
J Physiol
 387 , 473 , 1987
Cells
Smooth muscle
Enzymes
Elastase : 0.17 - 0.25%
Medium
Saline
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, New Zealand white, 1500 g
Knodle, S. , Anderson, S. and Papaioannou, S.
Large Scale Preparation of Rabbit Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells For Use in Calcium Uptake Studies ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 22 , 23 , 1986
Cells
Smooth muscle, aortic
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.038%
Medium
MEM
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, adult, 1-2 Kg
Benham, C.D. and Bolton, T.B.
Spontaneous Transient Outward Currents in Single Visceral and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of the Rabbit ,
J Physiol
 381 , 385 , 1986
Cells
Smooth muscle, ear artery
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
CF solution
(see reference)
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, 0.5-1 Kg
(also guinea-pig, frog, dogfish)
Mitra, R. and Morad, M.
A Uniform Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Myocytes from Hearts and Stomachs of Vertebrates ,
Am J Physiol
 249 , H1056 , 1985
Cells
Myocytes, heart and stomach
Enzymes
Protease XIV : 0.028%
Medium
Solution C
(see reference)
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, white New Zealand, adult, male, 2 Kg
Ives, H. , Schultz, G. , Galardy, R. and Jamieson, J.
Preparation of Functional Smooth Muscle Cells from the Rabbit Aorta ,
J Exp Med
 148 , 1400 , 1978
Cells
Smooth muscle, aorta
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Krebs Ringer HEPES solution
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbits, New Zealand white albino, 5-6 months
(also human, Rhesus monkey, rabbit)
Chamley, J. , Campbell, G. , McConnell, J. and Groschel-Stewart, U.
Comparison of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Adult Human, Monkey and Rabbit in Primary Culture and in Subculture ,
Cell Tissue Res
 177 , 503 , 1977
Cells
Smooth muscle, saphenous vein
Enzymes
Elastase : 0.05%
Medium
BSS
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, chinchilla, 5-8 month, virgin, female, 2-3 kg
Peters, T. , Muller, M. and deDuve, C.
Lysosomes of the Arterial Wall. I. Isolation and Subcellular Fractionation of Cells from Normal Rabbit Aorta ,
J Exp Med
 136 , 1117 , 1972
Cells
Smooth muscle, aorta
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : 800 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Muscle
Rabbit
Rabbit, New England, albino
Day, A. , Phil, D. and Newman, H.
Synthesis of Phospholipid by Foam Cells Isolated from Rabbit Atherosclerotic Lesions ,
Circ Res
 XIX , 122 , 1966
Cells
Thoracic aorta
Enzymes
Elastase : 0.008%
Medium
Kreb's Ringer
Neural
Porcine
Porcine, adult, 60-100 kg
Si ML, Lee TJ.
Presynaptic alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediate nicotine-induced nitric oxidergic neurogenic vasodilation in porcine basilar arteries ,
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
 298 , 122 , 2001
Cells
Superior cervical ganglia
Enzymes
Papain : 2 u/ml
Collagenase : 0.12%
Medium
HBSS
Pancreas
Porcine
Porcine, juvenile
Van der Burg Michael P M, Graham John M.
Iodixanol Density Gradient Preparation in University of Wisconsin solution for porcine islet purification ,
ScientificWorldJournal
 3 , 1154-9 , 2003
Cells
Islets
Enzymes
Collagenase : see reference
Medium
Univ of Wisconsin solution

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.