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Heart
Rat
Rat, adult, 150-200 g
McMahon, K.K.
A Study of Adult Rat Atrial Myocyte Attachment to Extricellular Matrix Components and Long Term Culture , Biology of Isolated Adult Cardiac Myocytes , (Clark, Decker, Borg, Eds) , Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc. , 318 , 1988
Cells
Myocytes, atria
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 100 u/ml
Medium
Kreb's Ringer bicarbonate - HEPES buffer
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD
Buxton, I.L.O. and Doggwiler, K.O.
Alpha1-Adrenergic Receptor Signal Transduction in the Adult Rat Cardiac Myocyte , Biology of Isolated Adult Cardiac Myocytes , (Clark, Decker, Borg, eds) , 298 , 1988
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Kreb's Ringer w/ calcium
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, female, 12 weeks
Piper, H.M. , Probst, I. , Schwartz, P. , Hutter, F.J. and Spieckermann, P.G.
Culturing of Calcium Stable Adult Cardiac Myocytes ,
J Mol Cell Cardiol
 14 , 397 , 1982
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Krebs Ringer bicarbonate buffer
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, female, 12 wks, 250 g
Powell, T. , Terrar, D.A. and Twist, V.W.
Electrical Properties of Individual Cells Isolated From Adult Rat Ventricular Myocardium ,
J Physiol
 302 , 131 , 1980
Cells
Myocytes
Ventricular myocardium
Enzymes
Medium
Kreb's Ringer bicarbonate buffer
Heart
Rat
Rat, female, adult, 200 - 300 g
Claycomb, W.C. and Palazzo, M.C.
Culture of The Terminally Differentiated Adult Cardiac Muscle Cell: A Light and Scanning Electron Microscope Study ,
Dev Biol
 80 , 466 , 1980
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Joklik's MEM
Heart
Rat
Rat, 10 wk
Bishop, S. , Oparil, S. , Reynolds, R. and Drummond, J.
Regional Myocyte Size in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ,
Hypertension
 1 (4) , 378 , 1979
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Medium
Saline
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult, male, 150-200g
Grosso, D. , Frangakis, C. , Carlson, E. and Bressler, R.
Isolation and Characterization of Myocytes From the Adult Rat Heart ,
Prep Biochem
 7 (5) , 383 , 1977
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.1%
Hyaluronidase : 0.1%
Medium
MEM CF
Heart
Rat
Rat, adult
Moustafa, E. , Skomedal, T. , Osnes, J. and Oye, I.
Cyclic Amp Formation and Morphology of Myocardial Cells Isolated from Adult Heart: Effect of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ,
Biochim Biophys Acta
 421 , 411 , 1976
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.1%
Medium
Perfusing solution
Heart
Rat
Rat, SD, albino, male, 180-230 g
Glick, M. , Burns, A. and Reddy, W.
Dispersion and Isolation of Beating Cells from Adult Rat Heart ,
Anal Biochem
 61 , 32 , 1974
Cells
Heart ventricles, beating
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.05-0.2%
Medium
Phosphate buffer
Heart
Shellfish
Clams, 3.0 to 4.5 cm
Wen, C. , Kou, G. and Chen, S.
Cultivation of Cells From the Heart of the Hard Clam, Merretrix lusoria (Roding) ,
J Tiss Cul Meth
 15 , 123 , 1993
Cells
Myocytes
Fibroblasts
Enzymes
Medium
L15 medium
Intestine
Canine
Dog, adult
Damholt AB, Buchan AM, Kofod H.
Glucagon-like-peptide-1 secretion from canine L-cells is increased by glucose-dependent-insulinotropic peptide but unaffected by glucose ,
Endocrinology
 139 , 2085-91 , 1998
Cells
Intestinal L-cells
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 75 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Human
Human
Trapecar, M. , Khan, S. , Roan, N. , Chen, T. , Telwatte, S. , Deswal, M. , Pao, M. , Somsouk, M. , Deeks, S. , Hunt, P. , Yukl, S. and Sanjabi, S.
An Optimized and Validated Method for Isolation and Characterization of Lymphocytes from HIV+ Human Gut Biopsies. ,
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
 33 , S31-S39 , 2017
Cells
Lymphocytes
Enzymes
CLSPA : 0.05%
Deoxyribonuclease I : 0.00075%
Medium
RPMI-1640
Intestine
Human
Human
Kessler, S. , Rho, H. , West, G. , Fiocchi, C. , Drazba, J. and de la Motte, C.
Hyaluronan (HA) Deposition Precedes and Promotes Leukocyte Recruitment in Intestinal Inflammation. ,
Clin Transl Sci
 1 , 57-61 , 2008
Cells
Microvessel endothelial
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Human
Human
Ebert, Ellen.
CD2 Activation of Human Lamina Propria Lymphocytes Reduces CD3 Responsiveness. ,
Immunology
 117 , 71-7 , 2006
Cells
Lamina propria lymphocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 20 u/ml
Medium
Medium
Intestine
Human
Human
Kanai Takanori, Totsuka Teruji, Uraushihara Koji, Makita Shin, Nakamura Tetsuya, Koganei Kazutaka, Fukushima Tsuneo, Akiba Hisaya, Yagita Hideo, Okumura Ko, Machida Utako, Iwai Hideyuki, Azuma Miyuki, Chen Lieping, Watanabe Mamoru.
Blockade of B7-H1 suppresses the development of chronic intestinal inflammation ,
J Immunol
 171 , 4156-63 , 2003
Cells
Lamina propria mononuclear cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.02%
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Human
Human
Fahlgren, A. , Hammarstrom, S. , Danielsson, A. and Hammarstrom, M.
Increased Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides and Lysozyme in Colonic Epithelial Cells of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. ,
Clin Exp Immunol
 131 , 90 , 2003
Cells
Intestinal epithelial
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 72.5 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Human
Human
Stallmach A, Schaffer F, Hoffmann S, Weber S, Muller-Molaian I, Schneider T, Kohne G, Ecker KW, Feifel G, Zeitz M.
Increased state of activation of CD4 positive T cells and elevated interferon gamma production in pouchitis ,
Gut
 43 , 499-505 , 1998
Cells
Mucosal mononuclear cells
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI
Intestine
Mouse

Mouse

Kumar, S. , Suman, S. , Li, H. , Angdisen, J. , Datta, K. and Fornace, A.
High-linear Energy Transfer Radiation Disrupts Natural Killer Cell Surveillance of Senescent Intestinal Cells in the Mouse Intestine. , Mol Biomed Vol. 7 , 2026
Cells
Organoids
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse

Mouse, adult

Kumar, S. , Suman, S. , Angdisen, J. , Moon, B. , Kallakury, B. , Datta, K. and Fornace, A.
Effects of High-Linear-Energy-Transfer Heavy Ion Radiation on Intestinal Stem Cells: Implications for Gut Health and Tumorigenesis. ,
Cancers
 16 , 2024
Cells
Intestinal stem
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Emgard, J. , Kammoun, H. , Garcia-Cassani, B. , Chesne, J. , Parigi, S. , Jacob, J. , Cheng, H, Evren, E. , Das, S. , Czarnewski, P. , Sleiers, N. Melo-Gonzalez, F. , Kvedaraite, E. Svensson, M. and Scandella, E.
Oxysterol Sensing through the Receptor GPR183 Promotes the Lymphoid-Tissue-Inducing Function of Innate Lymphoid Cells and Colonic Inflammation. ,
Immunity
 48 , 120-132.e8 , 2018
Cells
Lamina propria lymphocytes
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, embryonic
Ren HJ, Zhang CL, Liu RD, Li N, Li XG, Xue HK, Guo Y, Wang ZQ, Cui J. and Ming L
Primary Cultures of Mouse Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells using the Dissociating Enzyme Type I Collagenase and Hyaluronidase. ,
Braz J Med Biol Res
 50 , e5831 , 2017
Cells
Crypt
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 200 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 100u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
O'Rourke, K. , Ackerman, S. , Dow, L. and Lowe, S.
Isolation, Culture, and Maintenance of Mouse Intestinal Stem Cells. ,
Bio Protoc
 6 , 2016
Cells
Intestinal organoids
Enzymes
Medium
Basal Medium
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Seo, S. , Kuffa, P. , Kitamoto, S. , Nagao-Kitamoto, H. , Rousseau, J. , Kim, Y. , Nunez, G. and Kamada, N.
Intestinal Macrophages Arising from CCR2(+) Monocytes Control Pathogen Infection by Activating Innate Lymphoid Cells. ,
Nat Commun
 6 , 8010 , 2015
Cells
Lamina propria mononuclear cells
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Beura, L. , Anderson, K. , Schenkel, J. , Locquiao, J. , Fraser, K. , Vezys, V. , Pepper, M. and Masopust, D.
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Persistence Promotes Effector-Like Memory Differentiation and Enhances Mucosal T cell Distribution. ,
J Leukoc Biol
 97 , 217 , 2015
Cells
Lymphocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 100 u/ml
Medium
RPMI-1640
Intestine
Mouse
Zhang, Y. and Hu, W.
Mouse Enteric Neuronal Cell Culture. ,
Methods Mol Biol
 1078 , 55-63 , 2013
Cells
Enteric neurons
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Deoxyribonuclease I : 400 u/ml
Medium
DMEM/F12
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, P4
Hotta, R. , Stamp, L. , Foong, J. , McConnell, S. , Bergner, A. , Anderson, R. , Enomoto, H. , Newgreen, D. , Obermayr, F. , Furness, J. and Young, H.
Transplanted Progenitors Generate Functional Enteric Neurons in the Postnatal Colon. ,
J Clin Invest
 123 , 1182 , 2013
Cells
Enteric neural crest progenitors
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Xue, X. and Shah, Y.
In Vitro Organoid Culture of Primary Mouse Colon Tumors. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e50210 , 2013
Cells
Colon tumor organoids
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Geem, D. , Medina-Contreras, O. , Kim, W. , Huang, C. and Denning T.
Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine. ,
J Vis Exp
 63 , e4040 , 2012
Cells
Dendritic, macrophages
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.15%
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, 2-3 month
Becker, L. , Kulkarni, S. , Tiwari, G. , Micci, M. and Pasricha, P.
Divergent Fate and Origin of Neurosphere-Like Bodies from Different Layers of the Gut. ,
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
 302 , G958-65 , 2012
Cells
Enteric neural stem cells
Enzymes
Medium
M199
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Barthel, E. , Speer, A. , Levin, D. , Sala, F. , Hou, X. , Torashima, Y. , Wigfall, C. and Grikscheit, T.
Tissue Engineering of the Intestine in a Murine Model. ,
J Vis Exp
 70 , e4279 , 2012
Cells
Intestinal organoids
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 800 u/ml
Neutral Protease : 0.013%
Medium
DMEM
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Ruiz, V. , Sachdev, M. , Zhang, S. , Wen, S. and Moss, S.
Isolating, Immunophenotyping and Ex vivo Stimulation of CD4+ and CD8+ Gastric Lymphocytes During Murine Helicobacter Pylori Infection. ,
J Immunol Methods
 384 , 157-63 , 2012
Cells
Lyphocytes
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI 1640
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, neonatal and adult
Joseph, N. , He, S. , Quintana, E. , Kim, Y. , Nunez, G. and Morrison, S.
Enteric Glia are Multipotent in Culture but Primarily Form Glia in the Adult Rodent Gut. ,
J Clin Invest
 121 , 3398 , 2011
Cells
Myenteric plexus
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 0.025-0.1%
Papain : 10 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I : 100 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Ito, Y. , Kanai, T. , Totsuka, T. , Okamoto, R. , Tsuchiya, K. , Nemoto, Y. , Yoshioka, A. , Tomita, T. , Nagaishi, T. , Sakamoto, N. , Sakanishi, T. , Okumura, K. , Yagita, H. and Watanabe, M.
Blockade of NKG2D Signaling Prevents the Development of Murine CD4+ T Cell-Mediated Colitis. ,
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
 294 , G199 , 2008
Cells
Lamina propria lymphocytes
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI 1640
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse
Forbes, E. , Groschwitz, K. , Abonia, J.P. , Brandt, E. , Cohen, E. , Blanchard, C. , Ahrens, R. , Seidu, L. , McKenzie, A. , Strait, R. , Finkelman, F. , Foster, P. , Matthaei, K. , Rothenberg, M. and Hogan, S.
IL-9- and Mast Cell-Mediated Intestinal Permeability Predisposes to Oral Antigen Hypersensitivity. ,
J Exp Med
 205 , 897 , 2008
Cells
Intestinal mononuclear
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI 1640
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, Mastomys natalensis
Kidd, M. , Modlin, I. , Eick, G. and Champaneria, M.
Isolation, Functional Characterization, and Transcriptome of Mastomys Ileal Enterochromaffin Cells. ,
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
 291 , G778-91 , 2006
Cells
Enterochromaffin cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.025%
Pronase E : 0.07%
Medium
HBSS
Intestine
Mouse
Mouse, 7 week
Goto Kazunori, Matsuoka Satoshi, Noma Akinori.
Two types of spontaneous depolarizations in the interstitial cells freshly prepared from the murine small intestine ,
J Physiol
 559 , 411-22 , 2004
Cells
Interstitial cells
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.04%
Trypsin : 0.02%
Medium
see reference

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.