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Tissue References Search Tool

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Muscle
Rat
Rat, Wistar Kyoto, 10-15 weeks
McGuire, P. , Walker-Caprioglio, H. , Little, S. and McGuffee, L.
Isolation and Culture of Rat Superior Mesenteric Artery Smooth Muscle Cells ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 29 , 135 , 1993
Cells
Smooth muscle, mesenteric artery
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
MEM
Muscle
Rat
Rat
(also rabbit, guinea-pig)
Hu, S. and Kim, H.
Activation of K+ Channel in Vascular Smooth Muscle by Cytochrome P-450 Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid ,
FASEB J
 6 , A383 , 1992
Cells
Smooth muscle
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Potassium buffer solution
Muscle
Rat
Rat, SD, 19 days
Loch-Caruso, R. , Pahl, M. and Juberg, D.
Rat Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells Show High Levels of Gap Junctional Communication Under a Variety of Culture Conditions ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 28 , 97 , 1992
Cells
Smooth muscle, myometrial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 150 µg/ml
Medium
HBSS or PSS, CMF
Muscle
Rat
Rat, SHRs and WKY, male, 10 - 14 weeks
Bolzon, B. and Cheung, D.
Isolation and Characterization of Single Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ,
Hypertension
 14 , 137 , 1989
Cells
Smooth muscle, tail arteries
Enzymes
Papain : 0.1%
Medium
HEPES buffer
(see reference)
Muscle
Rat
Rat, 1-3 day
Barone, L. , Wolfe, L. , Faris, B. and Franzblau, C.
Elastin mRNA Levels and Insoluble Elastin Accumulation in Neonatal Rat ,
Biochemistry
 27 , 3175 , 1988
Cells
Smooth muscle, aortic
Enzymes
Elastase : 0.0125%
Medium
DMEM
Muscle
Rat
Rat
Bean, B. , Sturek, M. , Puga, A. and Hermsmeyer, K.
Calcium Channels in Muscle Cells Isolated From Rat Mesenteric Arteries: Modulation by Dihydropyridine Drugs ,
Circ Res
 59 , 229 , 1986
Cells
Muscle, mesenteric arteries
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
HEPES KG solution
(see reference)
Muscle
Rat
Rat, SHR, WKY. either sex, 12-19 day, 3 month, and retired breeders
Gordon, D. , Mohai, L. and Schwartz, S.
Induction of Polyploidy in Cultures of Neonatal Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells ,
Circ Res
 59 , 633 , 1986
Cells
Endothelial, aortic
Enzymes
Elastase : 0.05%
Medium
Waymouth's culture medium
Muscle
Rat
Rat, male, 150-250 g
Cole, O. , Fan, T. and Lewis, G.
Isolation, Characterization, Growth and Culture of Endothelial Cells From the Rat Aorta ,
Cell Biol Int Rep
 10 (6) , 399 , 1986
Cells
Endothelial, aortic
Medium
RPMI 1640
Muscle
Rat
Rat, SD, male, 200 - 250 g
Brock, T. , Alexander, R. , Ekstein, L. , Atkinson, W. and Gimbrone, M.
Angiotensin Increases Cytosolic Free Calcium in Cultured Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ,
Hypertension
 7 , 105 , 1985
Cells
Smooth muscle, thoracic aorta
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.0375%
Medium
Eagle's MEM with calcium
Muscle
Rat
Rat, Wistar, female, 10 weeks
Boulanger-Saunier, C. , Kattenburg, D. and Stoclet, J.
Cyclic AMP-dependent Phosphorylation of a 16kDa Protein in a Plasma Membrane-enriched Fraction of Rat Aortic Myocytes ,
F.E.B.S. Lett.
 193 , 283 , 1985
Cells
Myocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.1%
Medium
HBSS
Muscle
Rat
Rat, SD, 225-250g
Gunther S, Alexander RW, Atkinson WJ. and Gimbrone MA Jr.
Functional angiotensin II receptors in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells ,
J Cell Biol
 92 , 289 , 1982
Cells
Mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells
Enzymes
Medium
HBSS
Muscle
Rat
Rat, 3-4 day
Kasten, F.
Rat Myocardial Cells In Vitro: Mitosis and Differentiated Properties ,
In Vitro
 8 , 128 , 1972
Cells
Myocardial
Enzymes
Trypsin NF 1:250 : 0.125%
Medium
HBSS CMF
Muscle
Rat
Rat, 200 g
Kono, T.
Roles of Collagenases and Other Proteolytic Enzymes in the Dispersal of Animal Tissues ,
Biochim Biophys Acta
 178 , 397 , 1969
Cells
Muscle
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.05%
Medium
Kreb's Henseleit bicarbonate buffer
Muscle
Rat
Rat, Wistar, 3-10 day
Harary, I. and Farley, B.
In Vitro Studies on Single Beating Rat Heart Cells ,
Exp Cell Res
 29 , 451 , 1963
Cells
Heart
Enzymes
Trypsin NF 1:250 : 250: 0.1%
Medium
Saline A
(See reference)
Organoids
Human

Human

Gamero-Estevez, E. , Hensel, I. , Steinhauer, M. , Müllertz, O. , Savochkina, E. , Sektioglu, I. , Stoll, B. , Derakhshani, S. , Devriese, S. , Kim, K. and Resnik-Docampo, M.
Protocol for Immune Cell Isolation, Organoid Generation, and Co-culture Establishment from Cryopreserved Whole Human Intestine. ,
Bio Protoc
 15 , e5157 , 2025
Cells
Intestinal organoids
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI
Organoids
Human

Human

Geest, A. , Jakobs, C. , Ljubikj, T. , Huffels, C. , Luna, M. , Sá, R. , Adolfs, Y. , Wit, M. , Rutten, D. , Kaal, M. , Zwartkruis, M. , Carcolé, M. , Groen, E. , Hol, E. , Basak, O. , Isaacs, A. , Westeneng, H. , Berg, L. , Veldink, J. , Schlegel, D. and Pasterkamp, R.
Molecular Pathology, Developmental Changes, and Synaptic Dysfunction in (pre-) Symptomatic Human C9ORF72-ALS/FTD Cerebral Organoids. , Acta Neuropathol Commun Vol. 12 , 152 , 2024
Cells
Cerebral organoids
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
DMEM/F12
Organoids
Human

Human

Lisowski, P. , Lickfett, S. , Rybak-Wolf, A. , Menacho, C. and Le, S.
Mutant Huntingtin Impairs Neurodevelopment in Human Brain Organoids through CHCHD2-mediated Neurometabolic Failure. ,
Nat Commun
 15 , 7027 , 2024
Cells
Brain organoids
Enzymes
Papain : 20 u/ml
Medium
EBSS
Organoids
Human

Human

Tresenrider, A. , Sridhar, A. , Eldred, K. , Cuschieri, S. , Hoffer, D. , Trapnell, C. and Reh, T.
Single-cell Sequencing of Individual Retinal Organoids Reveals Determinants of Cell Fate Heterogeneity. , bioRxiv , 2023
Cells
Retinal Organoids
Enzymes
PDS kit : see reference
Medium
DMEM
Organoids
Human

Human

Chiu, M. , Li, C. , Yu, Y. , Liu, X. , Huang, J. , Wan, Z. , Yuen, K. and Zhou, J.
Establishing Bipotential Human Lung Organoid Culture System and Differentiation to Generate Mature Alveolar and Airway Organoids. ,
Bio Protoc
 13 , e4657 , 2023
Cells
Lung Organoids
Enzymes
Medium
Basal medium
Organoids
Human

Human, adolescent

Hemeryck, L. , Hermans, F. , Chappell, J. , Kobayashi, H. , Lambrechts, D. , Lambrichts, I. , Bronckaers, A. and Vankelecom, H.
Organoids from Human Tooth Showing Epithelial Stemness Phenotype and Differentiation Potential. ,
Cell Mol Life Sci
 79 , 153 , 2022
Cells
Epithelial organoids
Enzymes
Medium
MEM
Organoids
Human

Human

Schröter, M. , Wang, C. , Terrigno, M. , Hornauer, P. , Huang, Z. , Jagasia, R. and Hierlemann, A.
Functional Imaging of Brain Organoids Using High-Density Microelectrode Arrays. , MRS Bull Vol. 47 , 530-544 , 2022
Cells
Cerebral organoids
Enzymes
PDS kit : see reference
Medium
PBS
Organoids
Human

Human

Uzquiano, A. , Kedaigle, A. , Pigoni, M. , Paulsen, B. , Adiconis, X. , Kim, K. , Faits, T. , Nagaraja, S. , Antón-Bolaños, N. , Gerhardinger, C. , Tucewicz, A. , Murray, E. , Jin, X. , Buenrostro, J. , Chen, F. , Velasco, S. , Regev, A. , Levin, J. and Arlotta, P.
Proper Acquisition of Cell Class Identity in Organoids Allows Definition of Fate Specification Programs of the Human Cerebral Cortex ,
Cell
 185 , 3770-3788.e27 , 2022
Cells
Brain organoids
Enzymes
PDS kit : see reference
Medium
EBSS
Organoids
Human

Human

Xue, Y. , Seiler, M. , Tang, W. , Wang, J. , Delgado, J. , McLelland, B. , Nistor, G. , Keirstead, H. and Browne, A.
Retinal Organoids On-a-Chip: a Micro-Millifluidic Bioreactor for Long-term Organoid Maintenance. ,
Lab Chip
 21 , 3361-3377 , 2021
Cells
Stem cell-derived retinal organoids
Enzymes
PDS kit : see reference
Medium
EBSS
Organoids
Human

Human

Vaart, J. , Böttinger, L. , Geurts, M. , Wetering, W. , Knoops, K. , Sachs, N. , Begthel, H. , Korving, J. , Lopez-Iglesias, C. , Peters, P. , Eitan, K. , Gileles-Hillel, A. and Clevers, H.
Modelling of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia using Patient-derived Airway Organoids. , EMBO Rep Vol. 22 , e52058 , 2021
Cells
Airway organoids
Enzymes
Pronase : 0.15%
Collagenase : 0.05%
Medium
Airway medium
Organoids
Human

Human

Marinucci, M. , Ercan, C. , Taha-Mehlitz, S. , Fourie, L. , Panebianco, F. , Bianco, G. , Gallon, J. , Staubli, S. , Soysal, S. , Zettl, A. , Rauthe, S. , Vosbeck, J. , Droeser, R. , Bolli, M. , Peterli, R. , Flüe, M. , Ng, C. , Kollmar, O. , Coto-Llerena, M. and Piscuoglio, S.
Standardizing Patient-Derived Organoid Generation Workflow to Avoid Microbial Contamination From Colorectal Cancer Tissues. , Front Oncol Vol. 11 , 781833 , 2021
Cells
Colorectal cancer organoids
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Organoids
Human

Human

Schreurs, R. , Baumdick, M. , Drewniak, A. and Bunders, M.
Co-culture of Human Intestinal Organoids and Lamina Propria-derived CD4 T Cells. , STAR Protoc Vol. 2 , 100519 , 2021
Cells
Lamina propria lymphocytes
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F-12
Organoids
Human

Human

Barbar, L. , Rusielewicz, T. , Zimmer, M. , Kalpana, K. and Fossati, V.
Isolation of Human CD49f Astrocytes and iPSC-Based Neurotoxicity Assays. , STAR Protoc Vol. 1 , 100172 , 2020
Cells
Astrocytes
Enzymes
PDS kit : see reference
Medium
EBSS
Organoids
Human

Human

Velasco, S. , Kedaigle, A. , Simmons, S. , Nash, A. , Rocha, M. , Quadrato, G. , Paulsen, B. , Nguyen, L. , Adiconis, X. , Regev, A. , Levin, J. and Arlotta, P.
Individual Brain Organoids Reproducibly Form Cell Diversity of the Human Cerebral Cortex. ,
Nature
 570 , 523-527 , 2019
Cells
Brain organoids
Enzymes
PDS kit : see reference
Medium
PBS
Organoids
Human

Human

Mansour, A. , Gonçalves, J. , Bloyd, C. , Li, H. , Fernandes, S. , Quang, D. , Johnston, S. , Parylak, S. , Jin, X. and Gage, F.
An In Vivo Model of Functional and Vascularized Human Brain Organoids. ,
Nat Biotechnol
 36 , 432-441 , 2018
Cells
Cerebral organoids
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12
Organoids
Human

Human, embryonic

Nikolić, M. , Caritg, O. , Jeng, Q. , Johnson, J. , Sun, D. , Howell, K. , Brady, J. , Laresgoiti, U. , Allen, G. , Butler, R. , Zilbauer, M. , Giangreco, A. and Rawlins, E.
Human Embryonic Lung Epithelial Tips are Multipotent Progenitors that can be Expanded In vitro as Long-term Self-renewing Organoids. ,
Elife
 6 , 2017
Cells
Lung organoids
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12
Organoids
Mouse

Mouse

Fujimura, T. , Enomoto, Y. , Katsura, H. , Ogawa, T. , Baba, S. , Ogata, A. , Yamaoka, A. , Shiroguchi, K. and Morimoto, M.
Identifying a Lung Stem Cell Subpopulation by Combining Single-Cell Morphometrics, Organoid Culture, and Transcriptomics. ,
Stem Cells
 41 , 809-820 , 2023
Cells
Lung
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 450 u/ml
Elastase : 1 u/ml
Neutral Protease : 5 u/ml
Medium
DMEM/F12
Organoids
Mouse

Mouse

Klemke, L. , Blume, J. , Oliveira, T. and Schulz-Heddergott, R.
Preparation and Cultivation of Colonic and Small Intestinal Murine Organoids Including Analysis of Gene Expression and Organoid Viability. ,
Bio Protoc
 12 , e4298 , 2022
Cells
Colonic tumor organoids
Enzymes
Medium
PBS
Organoids
Mouse

Mouse

Huang, L. , Desai, R. , Conrad, D. , Leite, N. , Akshinthala, D. , Lim, C. , Gonzalez, R. , Muthuswamy, L. , Gartner, Z. and Muthuswamy, S.
Commitment and Oncogene-induced Plasticity of Human Stem Cell-derived Pancreatic Acinar and Ductal Organoids. , Cell Stem Cell Vol. 28 , 1090-1104.e6 , 2021
Cells
Organoid cultures
Enzymes
Stemxyme 1 : 0.1%
Medium
PBS
Organoids
Mouse

Mouse

Charifou, E. , Sumbal, J. , Koledova, Z. , Li, H. and Chiche, A.
A Robust Mammary Organoid System to Model Lactation and Involution-like Processes. ,
Bio Protoc
 11 , e3996 , 2021
Cells
Mammary organoids
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Medium
DMEM/F12
Organoids
Mouse

Mouse, adult

Neal, J,, Li ,X. , Zhu, J. , Giangarra, V. , Grzeskowiak, C. , Ju, J. , Liu, I. Chiou, S. , Salahudeen, A. and Smith, A. et al
Organoid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. ,
Cell
 175 , 1972 , 2018
Cells
Organoids
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 200-300 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Organoids
Mouse

Mouse, embryonic

Nikolić, M. , Caritg, O. , Jeng, Q. , Johnson, J. , Sun, D. , Howell, K. , Brady, J. , Laresgoiti, U. , Allen, G. , Butler, R. , Zilbauer, M. , Giangreco, A. and Rawlins, E.
Human Embryonic Lung Epithelial Tips are Multipotent Progenitors that can be Expanded In vitro as Long-term Self-renewing Organoids. ,
Elife
 6 , 2017
Cells
Lung organoids
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.