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Tissue References Search Tool

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Neural
Rat
Rat, SD, pups
Sarthy PV, Curtis BM. and Catterall WA.
Retrograde Labeling, Enrichment, and Characerization of Retinal Ganglion Cells from the Neonatal Rat ,
J Neurosci
 3 (12) , 2532 , 1983
Cells
Retina
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
Ham's F-12
Neural
Rat
Rat, W/FU, 5-8 day
Raff, M. , Fields, K. , Hakomori, S. , Mirsky, R. , Pruss, R. and Winter, J.
Cell-Type-Specific Markers for Distinguishing and Studying Neurons And the Major Classes of Glial Cells in Culture ,
Brain Res
 174 , 283 , 1979
Cells
Neurons and glial
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
MEM
(see reference)
Neural
Rat
Rat, fetus
Wakshull, E. , Johnson, M. and Burton, H.
Postnatal Rat Sympathetic Neurons In Culture. 1. A Comparison With Embryonic Neurons ,
J Neurophysiol
 42 , 1410 , 1979
Cells
Neurons, sympathetic
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
L-15 or HBSS, CMF
Neural
Rat
Rat, Wistar/Furth, newborn
(also bovine)
Brockes, J. , Fields, K. and Raff, M.
Studies on Cultured Rat Schwann Cells. I. Establishment of Purified Populations From Cultures of Peripheral Nerve ,
Brain Res
 165 , 105 , 1979
Cells
Schwann
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Medium
DMEM
Neural
Rat
Rat, embryo
Dichter, M.
Rat Cortical Neurons in Cell Culture: Culture Methods, Cell Morphology, Electrophysiology, and Synapse Formation ,
Brain Res
 149 , 279 , 1978
Cells
Neurons, cortical
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.027%
Medium
MEM
Neural
Rat
Rat, newborn
Reichardt, L. and Patterson, P.
Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Uptake by Isolated Sympathetic Neurones in Microcultures ,
Nature
 270 , 147 , 1977
Cells
Neurons, sympathetic
Enzymes
Medium
Hank's solution, CF
Neural
Rat
Rat, neonatal
Mains, R. and Patterson, P.
Primary Cultures of Dissociated Sympathetic Neurons I. Establishment of Long-Term Growth in Culture and Studies of Differentiated Properties ,
J Cell Biol
 59 , 329 , 1973
Cells
Neurons, superior cervical ganglia
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Medium
Basal L-15 medium
Neural
Salamander
Salamander, 18-25 cm
Townes-Anderson, E. , MacLeish, P. and Raviola, E.
Rod Cells Dissociated from Mature Salamander Retina: Ultrastruture and Uptake of Horseradish Peroxidase ,
J Cell Biol
 100 , 175 , 1985
Cells
Retina
Enzymes
Papain : 14 u/ml
Medium
Saline
Neural
Salamander
Salamander (A.tigrinum)
Bader, C. , MacLeish, P. and Schwartz, E.
Responses to Light of Solitary Rod Photoreceptors Isolated From Tiger Salamander Retina ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 75 , 3507 , 1978
Cells
Photoreceptors, retina
Enzymes
Papain : 0.05%
Medium
(see reference)
Neural
Shellfish
Aplysia californica
Lee, A. , Decourt, B. and Suter, D.
Neuronal Cell Cultures from Aplysia for High-Resolution Imaging of Growth Cones. ,
J Vis Exp
 12 , 662 , 2008
Cells
Neurons
Enzymes
Medium
L-15-ASW
Neural
Shellfish
Snails (Helisoma trivolis), albino, adult
Zoran, M. , Doyle, R. and Haydon, P.
Target Contact Regulates the Calcium Responsiveness of the Secretory Machinery During Synaptogenesis ,
Neuron
 6 , 145 , 1991
Cells
Buccal ganglia; SLT muscle
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Medium
DMEM
Neural
Shellfish
Pond snail (Helisoma) albino, adult
Haydon, P.
The Formation of Chemical Synapses Between Cell-Cultured Neuronal Somata ,
J Neurosci
 8 , 1032 , 1988
Cells
Somata, buccal ganglia
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Medium
Antibiotic saline, Leibowitz 50%
Neural
Shellfish
Helisoma trivovlis
Cohan, C. , Haydon, P. and Kater, S.
Single Channel Activity Differs in Growing and Nongrowing Growth Cones of Isolated Identified Neurons of Helisoma ,
J Neurosci Res
 13 , 285 , 1985
Cells
Buccal ganglia
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.2%
Medium
L-15 medium
Neural
Shellfish
Mollusc, juvenile 1-2 gm or adult 50-100 gm
Schacher, S. and Proshanksy, E.
Neurite Regeneration by Aplysia Neurons in Dissociated Cell Culture: Modulation by Aplysia Hemolymph and the Presence of the Initial Axonal Segment ,
J Neurosci
 3 (12) , 2403 , 1983
Cells
Neurons
LUQ cells
Enzymes
Protease : 1%
Medium
L15 medium
Neural
Shellfish
Aplysia californica
Camardo, J. , Proshansky, E. and Schacher, S.
Identified Aplysia Neurons Form Specific Chemical Synapses in Culture ,
J Neurosci
 3 (12) , 2614 , 1983
Cells
LUQ cells
RUQ cells
Enzymes
Protease : 1%
Medium
L15 medium
Neural
Turtle
Turtle (Pseudemys scripta elegans)
Lam, D.
Biosynthesis of Acetylcholine in Turtle Photoreceptors ,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
 69 , 1987 , 1972
Cells
Retinal
Enzymes
Papain : 0.1% (13.5 u/mg)
Medium
Kreb's Ringer
Tumor
Canine

Canine, adult

Petrouškova, P. , Hudáková, N. , Almášiová, V. , Valenčáková, A. , Horňáková, L. , Huniadi, M. and Čížková, D.
Establishment of Primary Cell Cultures from Canine Mammary Gland Malignant Tumours: A Preliminary Study. , J Vet Res Vol. 69 , 159-168 , 2025
Cells
Mammary gland tumor
Enzymes
Medium
EBSS
Tumor
Hamster
Hamster, 90-100 g
Gonzalez, A. , Oberley, T. , Schultz, J. , Ostrom, J. and Li, J.
In Vitro Charactrization of Estrogen Induced Syrian Hamster Renal Tumors: Comparison with an Immortalized Cell Line Derived from Diethylstilbestrol-Treated Adult Hamster Kidney ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 29A , 562 , 1993
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Hyaluronidase : 0.1%
Medium
Waymouth's MB
Tumor
Hamster
Hamster, 6 week old
Min, B. , Kim, K. , Cherrick, H. and Park, N.
Three Cell Lines from Hamster Buccal Pouch Tumors Induced by Topical 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)Anthracene, Alone or in Conjunction with Herpes Simplex Virus Inoculation ,
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol
 27A , 128 , 1991
Cells
Buccal pouch
Enzymes
Medium
CMF HBSS
Tumor
Human

Human

Song, H. , Weinstein, H. , Allegakoen, P. , Wadsworth, M. , Xie, J. , Yang, H. , Castro, E. , Lu, K. , Stohr, B. , Feng, F. , Carroll, P. , Wang, B. , Cooperberg, M. , Shalek, A. and Huang, F.
Single-cell Analysis of Human Primary Prostate Cancer Reveals the Heterogeneity of Tumor-associated Epithelial Cell States. ,
Nat Commun
 13 , 141 , 2022
Cells
Prostate cells
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 1,000 u/ml
Medium
RPMI
Tumor
Human
Human
Jeske, S. , Schuler, P. , Doescher, J. , Theodoraki, M. , Laban, S. , Brunner, C. , Hoffman, T. and Wigand, M.
Age-related changes in T lymphocytes of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ,
Immun Ageing
 17 , 3 , 2020
Cells
Tumor infiltrating lympocytes
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 200 u/ml
Medium
RPMI
Tumor
Human
Human
Ayuso, J. , Vitek, R. , Swick, A. , Skala, M. , Wisinski, K. , Kimple, R. , Lambert, P. and Beebe, D.
Effects of Culture Method on Response to EGFR Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells ,
Sci Rep
 9 , 12480 , 2019
Cells
Fibroblasts
Enzymes
Medium
FM Fibroblast media
Tumor
Human
Human
Phan, N. , Hong, J. , Tofig, B. , Mapua, M. , Elashoff, D. , Moatamed, N. , Huang, J. , Memarzadeh, S. , Damoiseaux, R. and Soragni, A.
A Simple High-Throughput Approach Identifies Actionable Drug Sensitivities in Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids. ,
Commun Biol
 2 , 78 , 2019
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 200 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Tumor
Human
Neal, J,, Li ,X. , Zhu, J. , Giangarra, V. , Grzeskowiak, C. , Ju, J. , Liu, I. Chiou, S. , Salahudeen, A. and Smith, A. et al
Organoid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. ,
Cell
 175 , 1972 , 2018
Cells
Organoids
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 4 : 200-300 u/ml
Medium
DMEM
Tumor
Human
Human
Jiang, C. , Zhang, Q. , Shanti, R. , Shi, S. , Chang, T. , Carrasco, L. , Alawi, F. and Le, A.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Interleukin-6 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Acquisition of Epithelial Stem-Like Cell Properties in Ameloblastoma Epithelial Cells. ,
Stem Cells
 35 , 2083-2094 , 2017
Cells
Ameloblastoma epithelial
Enzymes
Collagenase : 0.1%
Neutral Protease : 50 u/ml
Medium
MEM
Tumor
Human
Human, 25-81 yr
Volovitz, I, Shapira, N. , Ezer, H. , Gafni, A. , Lustgarten, M. , Alter, T. , Ben-Horin, I. , Barzilai, O. , Shahar, T. , Kanner, A. , Fried, I. , Veshchev, I. , Grossman, R. and Ram, Z,
A Non-Aggressive, Highly Efficient, Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Human Brain-Tumors and Brain-Tissues to Viable Single-Cells. ,
BMC Neurosci
 17 , 30 , 2016
Cells
Brain tumor
Enzymes
Neutral Protease : 0.11 u/ml
Hyaluronidase : 1,000 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Pham, K. , Delitto, D. , Knowlton, A. , Hartlage, E. , Madhavan, R. , Gonzalo, D. , Thomas, R. , Behrns, K. , George, T. , Hughes, S. , Wallet, S. , Liu, C. and Trevino, J.
Isolation of Pancreatic Cancer Cells from a Patient-Derived Xenograft Model Allows for Practical Expansion and Preserved Heterogeneity in Culture. ,
Am J Pathol
 186 , 2016
Cells
Pancreatic cancer
Enzymes
Stemxyme 1 : 0.2%
Medium
HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Baldan, V. , Griffiths, R. , Hawkins, R. and Gilham, D
Efficient and Reproducible Generation of Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Renal Cell Carcinoma ,
Br J Cancer
 112 , 1510 , 2015
Cells
Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI 1640
Tumor
Human
Human
Ali, M. , Anand, S. , Tangella, K. , Ramkumar, D. and Saif, T.
Isolation of Primary Human Colon Tumor Cells from Surgical Tissues and Culturing Them Directly on Soft Elastic Substrates for Traction Cytometry. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e52532 , 2015
Cells
Colon
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.1%
Collagenase : 0.1%
Medium
HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Liang, S. , Marti, T. , Dorn, P. , Froment, L. , Hall, S. , Berezowska, S. , Kocher, G. , Schmid, R. and Peng, R.
Blocking the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Pathway Abrogates Resistance to Anti-Folate Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer. ,
Cell Death Dis
 6 , e1824 , 2015
Cells
Non-small cell lung tumor
Enzymes
Medium
RPMI-1640
Tumor
Human
Human
Quatromoni, J. , Singhal, S. , Bhojnagarwala, P. , Hancock, W. , Albelda, S. and Eruslanov, E.
An Optimized Dissagregation Method for Human Lung Tumors That Perserves the Phenotype and Function of the Immune Cells ,
J Leukoc Biol
 97 , 201 , 2015
Cells
Lung tumor
Enzymes
Collagenase Type 1 : 45-60 u/ml
Collagenase Type 2 : 15-20 u/ml
Collagenase Type 4 : 45-60 u/ml
Elastase : 0.002%
Medium
DMEM/F12
Tumor
Human
Human
Yan, K. , Wu, Q. , Yan, D. , Lee, C. , Rahim, N. , Tritschler, I. , DeVecchio, J. , Kalady, M. , Hjelmeland, A. and Rich, J.
Glioma Cancer Stem Cells Secrete Gremlin1 to Promote their Maintenance Within the Tumor Hierarchy. ,
Genes Dev
 28 , 1085-100 , 2014
Cells
Glioma cancer stem
Enzymes
PDS kit : per instructions
Medium
Neurobasal
Tumor
Human
Human
Hasselbach, L. , Irtenkauf, S. , Lemke, N. , Nelson, K. , Berezovsky, A. , Carlton, E. , Transou, A. , Mikkelsen, T. and deCarvalho, A.
Optimization of High Grade Glioma Cell Culture from Surgical Specimens for Use in Clinically Relevant Animal Models and 3D Immunochemistry. ,
J Vis Exp
 , e51088 , 2014
Cells
Glioblastoma tumor
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.025%
Collagenase Type 4 : 500 u/ml
Medium
HBSS
Tumor
Human
Human
Dobbin, Z. and Landen, C.
Isolation and Characterization of Potential Cancer Stem Cells from Solid Human Tumors--Potential Applications. ,
Curr Protoc Pharmacol
 63 , Unit 14.28. , 2013
Cells
Cancer stem
Enzymes
Trypsin : 0.25%
Collagenase : 0.05%
Hyaluronidase : 0.005%
Medium
RPMI
Tumor
Human
Human
Chou, J. , Fitzgibbon, M. , Mortales, C. , Towlerton, A. , Upton, M. , Yeung, R. , McIntosh, M. and Warren, E.
Phenotypic and Transcriptional Fidelity of Patient-Derived Colon Cancer Xenografts in Immune-Deficient Mice. ,
PLoS ONE
 8 , e79874 , 2013
Cells
Tumor
Enzymes
Medium
DMEM/F12
Tumor
Human
Human
Welte, Y. , Davies, C. , Schafer, R. and Regenbrecht, C.
Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma. ,
J Vis Exp
 73 , e50200 , 2013
Cells
Melanoma
Enzymes
Medium
PBS

Tissue Tables (references, grouped by tissue type and species)

Adipose/Fat
Adrenal
Bone
Brain
Cartilage
Colon
Endothelial
Epithelial
Eye
Heart
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Lymph nodes
Mammary
Miscellaneous
Muscle
Neural
Organoids
Pancreas
Parotid
Pituitary
Prostate
Reproductive
Scales
Skin
Spleen
Stem
Thymus
Thyroid/Parathyroid
Tonsil
Tumor
Note: We have not limited the references listed to only those papers using Worthington enzymes. Generally speaking, the tissue dissociation enzymes offered by Worthington can be used interchangeably for most preparations cited.